tag="{http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml}a">CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS
XXIII.
A GREAT NEW WORLD
XXIV.
VASCO DA GAMA REACHES INDIA
XXV.
DISCOVERY OF THE SPICE ISLANDS
XXVI.
BALBOA SEES THE PACIFIC OCEAN
XXVII.
MAGELLAN SAILS ROUND THE WORLD
XXVIII.
CORTES EXPLORES AND CONQUERS MEXICO
XXIX.
EXPLORERS IN SOUTH AMERICA
XXX.
CABOT SAILS TO NEWFOUNDLAND
XXXI.
JACQUES CARTIER EXPLORES CANADA
XXXII.
SEARCH FOR A NORTH-EAST PASSAGE
XXXIII.
MARTIN FROBISHER SEARCHES FOR A NORTH-WEST PASSAGE
XXXIV.
DRAKE'S FAMOUS VOYAGE ROUND THE WORLD
XXXV.
DAVIS STRAIT
XXXVI.
BARENTS SAILS TO SPITZBERGEN
XXXVII.
HUDSON FINDS HIS BAY
XXXVIII.
BAFFIN FINDS HIS BAY
XXXIX.
SIR WALTER RALEIGH SEARCHES FOR EL DORADO
XL.
CHAMPLAIN DISCOVERS LAKE ONTARIO
XLI.
EARLY DISCOVERERS OF AUSTRALIA
XLII.
TASMAN FINDS TASMANIA
XLIII.
DAMPIER DISCOVERS HIS STRAIT
XLIV.
BEHRING FINDS HIS STRAIT
XLV.
COOK DISCOVERS NEW ZEALAND
XLVI.
COOK'S THIRD VOYAGE AND DEATH
XLVII.
BRUCE'S TRAVELS IN ABYSSINIA
XLVIII.
MUNGO PARK AND THE NIGER
XLIX.
VANCOUVER DISCOVERS HIS ISLAND
L.
MACKENZIE AND HIS RIVER
LI.
PARRY DISCOVERS LANCASTER SOUND
LII.
THE FROZEN NORTH
LIII.
FRANKLIN'S LAND JOURNEY TO THE NORTH
LIV.
PARRY'S POLAR VOYAGE
LV.
THE SEARCH FOR TIMBUKTU
LVI.
RICHARD AND JOHN LANDER DISCOVER THE MOUTH OF THE NIGER
LVII.
ROSS DISCOVERS THE NORTH MAGNETIC POLE
LVIII.
FLINDERS NAMES AUSTRALIA
LIX.
STURT'S DISCOVERIES IN AUSTRALIA
LX.
ROSS MAKES DISCOVERIES IN THE ANTARCTIC SEAS
LXI.
FRANKLIN DISCOVERS THE NORTH-WEST PASSAGE
LXII.
DAVID LIVINGSTONE
LXIII.
BURTON AND SPEKE IN CENTRAL AFRICA
LXIV.
LIVINGSTONE TRACES LAKE SHIRWA AND NYASSA
LXV.
EXPEDITION TO VICTORIA NYANZA
LXVI.
BAKER FINDS ALBERT NYANZA
LXVII.
LIVINGSTONE'S LAST JOURNEY
LXVIII.
THROUGH THE DARK CONTINENT
LXIX.
NORDENSKIÖLD ACCOMPLISHES THE NORTH-EAST PASSAGE
LXX.
THE EXPLORATION OF TIBET
LXXI.
NANSEN REACHES FARTHEST NORTH
LXXII.
PEARY REACHES THE NORTH POLE
LXXIII.
THE QUEST FOR THE SOUTH POLE
DATES OF CHIEF EVENTS
INDEX
COLOURED ILLUSTRATIONS
Ptolemy's Map of the World about A.D. 150
Taken from the first printed edition of 1472 and the Rome edition of 1508.
The Polos leaving Venice for their Travels to the Far East
From a Miniature at the head of a late 14th century MS. of the Travels of Marco Polo, in the Bodleian Library, Oxford.
The Hereford Mappa Mundi of 1280
The original, made by RICHARD DE HALDINGHAM, Prebendary of Hereford, hangs in the Chapter House Library, Hereford Cathedral.
Map of the World drawn in 1500, the first to show America
By JUAN DE LA COSA.
The Dauphin Map of the World
Made by PIERRE DESCELLIERS 1546, by order of Francis I. for the Dauphin (Henri II.) of France.
Barents's Ship among the Arctic Ice
From a coloured woodcut in Barents's Three Voyages (De Veer), published in 1598.
Ross's Winter Quarters in Felix Harbour
The First Communication With Eskimos at Boothia Felix, 1830
From Drawings by ROSS in the Narrative of his Expedition to the North Magnetic Pole, A Second Voyage in Search of a North-West Passage, 1829-33.
Shackleton's Ship, the Nimrod, among the Ice in McMurdo Sound
From The Heart of the Antarctic (published by Heinemann), by kind permission of Sir ERNEST SHACKLETON.
BLACK & WHITE ILLUSTRATIONS
The Unrolling of the Clouds: the World as known at the time of Homer
The Unrolling of the Clouds: the World as known at the time of Ptolemy
The Unrolling of the Clouds: the World as known at the end of the 13th century
The Best Portrait of Columbus
From the original Painting by an unknown artist in the Naval Museum, Madrid.
The Unrolling of the Clouds: the World as known at the time of Columbus
Amerigo Vespucci
From the Sculpture by GRAZZINI at the Uffizi Gallery, Florence.
Ferdinand Magellan, the first Circumnavigator
From the Engraving by FERDINAND SELMA.
Sir Francis Drake, the first Englishman to sail round the World
After the Engraving attributed to HONDIUS.
The Unrolling of the Clouds: the World as known at the time of Drake
Karakakova Bay, where Captain Cook was murdered
From the Engraving in the Atlas to COOK'S Voyages.
The Unrolling of the Clouds: the World as known at the time of Cook
Mungo Park
From the Engraving in PARK'S Travels into the Interior of Africa, 1799.
[Transcriber's note: This illustration has been lost.]
Search for a North-West Passage: Parry's Ships cutting through the Ice into Winter Harbour, 1819
From a Drawing by WILLIAM WESTALL, A.R.A., of a Sketch by Lieut. BEECHEY, a member of the expedition. From PARRY'S Journal of a Voyage for the Discovery of the North-West Passage.
Lhasa and the Potala
From a Photograph by a member of Younghusband's Expedition to Thibet.
At the North Pole
From the Photograph in Admiral PEARY'S book The North Pole.
Captain Roald Amundsen taking Sights at the South Pole
From a Photograph.
Acknowledgment is due to the courtesy of Mr. John Murray and the Illustrated London News for the photograph taken at the South Pole; to Admiral Peary for that taken at the North Pole; and to Sir Ernest Shackleton and Mr. Heinemann for the colour-plate of the Nimrod. Permissions have also been granted by Mr. John Murray (for illustrations from Livingstone's books and Admiral McClintock's Voyage of the Fox); by Messrs. Macmillan (for the colour-plate of the Polos leaving Venice, from the Bodleian); and by Messrs. Sampson, Low, Marston, & Co. (for illustrations from Sir H. M. Stanley's books).
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS IN THE TEXT
The Garden of Eden with its Four Rivers
From the Hereford Map of the World.
Babylonian Map of the World on Clay
In the British Museum.
The oldest known Ships: between 6000 and 5000 B.C.
From a pre-Egyptian Vase-painting.
Egyptian Ship of the Expedition to Punt, about 1600 B.C.
From a Rock-carving at Der el Bahari.
The Ark on Ararat, and the Cities of Nineveh and Babylon
From LEONARDO DATI'S Map of 1422.
A Phoenician Ship, about 700 B.C.
From a Bas-relief at Nineveh.
Map of the Voyage of the Argonauts
The Pillars of Hercules, as shown in a Mediæval Map
HIGDEN'S Map of the World. 1360 A.D.
The Pillars of Hercules, as shown in the Anglo-Saxon Map of the World, 10th century
A Greek Galley, about 500 B.C.
From a Vase-painting.
Jerusalem, the Centre of the World
From the Hereford Map of the World, 13th century.
A Merchant-Ship of Athens, about 500 B.C.
From a Vase-painting.
The Coast of Africa, after Ptolemy (Mercator's Edition), showing Hanno's Voyage
A Sketch Map of Alexander's Chief Exploratory Marches from Athens to Hyderabad and Gaza
Alexandria in Pizzigani's Map, 14th century
North Britain and the Island of Thule
From MERCATOR'S edition of Ptolemy's Map.
A Portion of an old Roman Map of the World, showing the roads through the Empire
From the Peutinger Table.
The World-Island according to Strabo, 18 A.D.
Hull of a Roman Merchant-Ship
From a Roman model at Greenwich.
A Roman Galley, about 110 A.D.
From Trajan's Column at Rome.
The First Stages of a Mediæval Pilgrimage, London to Dover
From MATTHEW OF PARIS'S Itinerary, 13th century.
Jerusalem and the East
From MATTHEW OF PARIS'S Itinerary, 13th century.
Ireland and St. Brandon's Isle
From the Catalan Map, 1375.
The Mysterious Isle of St. Brandon
From MARTIN BEHAIM'S Map, 1492.
The World-Map of Cosmas, 6th century
The oldest Christian Map.
The Mountain of Cosmas
A Viking Ship
From Professor MONTELIUS'S book on Scandinavian archæology.
A Khalif on his Throne
From the Ancona Map, 1497.
A Chinese Emperor giving Audience, 9th century
From an old Chinese MS. at Paris.
The Scene of Sindbad's Voyages
From EDRISI'S Map, 1154.
Sindbad's Giant Roc
From an Oriental Miniature Painting.
Jerusalem and the Pilgrims' Ways to it, 12th century
From a Map of the 12th century at Brussels.
Two Emperors of Tartary
From the Catalan Map, 1375.
A Tartar Camp
From the Borgian Map, 1453.
Initial Letter from the MS. of Rubruquis at Cambridge
How the Brothers Polo set out from Constantinople with their nephew Marco for China
From a Miniature Painting in 14th century Livre des Merveilles.
Marco Polo lands at Ormuz
From a Miniature in the Livre des Merveilles.
Kublai Khan
From an old Chinese Encyclopædia at Paris.
Marco Polo
From a Woodcut in the first printed edition of MARCO POLO'S Travels, 1477.
A Japanese Fight against the Chinese at the time when Marco Polo first saw the Japanese
From an ancient Japanese Painting.
Sir John Mandeville on his Travels
From a MS. in the British Museum.
An Emperor of Tartary
From the Map ascribed to SEBASTIAN CABOT, 1544.
A Caravan in Cathay
From the Catalan Map, 1375.
The Turin Map of the World, 8th century
A T-map, 10th century
A T-map, 13th century
The Kaiser holding the World
From a 12th-century MS.
The "Anglo-Saxon" Map of the World, drawn about 990 A.D.
From the Cotton MSS. in the British Museum.
Africa—from Ceuta to Madeira
From FRA MAURO'S Map, 1457.
The Voyage to Cape Blanco from Cape Bojador
From FRA MAURO'S Map, 1457.
A Portion of Africa illustrating Cadamosto's Voyage beyond Cape Blanco
From FRA MAURO'S Map, 1457.
Sketch of Africa
From FRA MAURO'S Map of the World, 1457.
Negro Boys
From CABOT'S Map, 1544.
The West Coast of Africa
From MARTIN BEHAIM'S Map, 1492.
The Parting of Columbus with Ferdinand and Isabella, 3rd August 1492
From DE BRY'S account of the Voyages to India, 1601.
Columbus's Ship, the Santa Maria
From a Woodcut of 1493, supposed to be after a Drawing by COLUMBUS.
Columbus landing on Hispaniola
From a Woodcut of 1494.
The first Representation of the People of the New World
From a Woodcut published at Augsburg between 1497 and 1504.
The Town of Isabella and the Colony founded by Columbus
From a Woodcut of 1494.
Vasco da Gama
From a contemporary Portrait.
Africa as it was known after da Gama's Expeditions
From JUAN DE LA COSA'S Map of 1500.
Calicut and the Southern Indian Coast
From JUAN DE LA COSA'S Map, 1500.
The Malabar Coast
From FRA
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