The Oldest Code of Laws in the World, King of Babylonia Hammurabi [best books to read for women .txt] 📗

False judgement, penalty for, 5.
   claims for money or goods, 106, 107, 126.
   accusation of adultery, 131.

Farm.  See Lease.

Fatal assault of gentleman by gentleman, 207.
   of gentleman by poor man, 208.

Favourite son, may be gifted by father, 165.
   in his lifetime, 165.
   by written deed, 165.
   other children no claim against, 165.
   takes equal share with them on father’s death, 165.

Fees for curing wound, or disease of eye, by surgical operation—
      gentleman pays ten shekels of silver, 215.
      poor man pays five shekels of silver, 216.
      slave pays two shekels of silver, 216.
   cure of broken limb or diseased bowel—
      gentleman pays five shekels, 221.
      poor man pays three shekels, 222.
      slave pays two shekels, 223.
      cure of bad wound of ox or sheep, one-sixth of shekel, 224.
      for building house, two shekels per sar, 228.
      to boatman for navigating boat, two shekels, 234.
      warehousing goods, one-sixtieth value, 121.

Fines imposed for—
   unlawful distraint, one-third mina, 114.
   seducing daughter-in-law before marriage, half mina, 156.
   aggravated assault, gentleman on gentleman, one mina, 203.
   aggravated assault, poor man on poor man, ten shekels, 204.
   fatal wound in quarrel, gentleman to gentleman, half mina, 207.
   fatal wound in quarrel, poor man to poor man, third mina, 208.
   assault on pregnant gentlewoman, causing miscarriage, ten shekels, 209.
   assault on pregnant poor woman, causing miscarriage, five shekels, 211.
   assault on pregnant slave, causing miscarriage, two shekels, 213.
   assault on pregnant poor woman, causing her death, half mina, 212.
   assault on pregnant slave, causing her death, third mina, 214.
   causing death of ox or sheep, by careless operation, quarter price, 225.
   distraint on working ox, one-third mina, 241.
   mutilation of hired ox, quarter price, 248.
   letting vicious ox gore a man to death, half mina, 251.
   stealing corn or plants, on metayer, sixty gur of corn per gan, 255.
   letting oxen, taken on metayer, sixty gur of corn per gan, 255.
   theft of watering machine, five shekels, 259.
   theft of water bucket, or plough, (harrow?), three shekels, 260.
      (N.B.—Fines reckoned in silver, 60 shekels to the mina.)

Fires, theft at, 25.

Floods, 45, 46, 48.

Forfeit of price paid in illegal purchase, 35, 37, 177.
   oxen and field, for neglect to cultivate, 256.

Forfeiture of claim—
   by self-help, 113.
   by cruelty, 116.

Fortress of the king, may be ‘defeat of the king,’ Winckler’s tr.

Foster mother, duties and liabilities, 194.

Freedom, of hostage for debt, after three years, 117.
   to marry, as she chooses, on part of divorced wife, after bringing up children, 137.
   daughter-in-law, seduced before marriage, 158.
   widow, leaving settlement to children, 172.

Free-men sold into slavery, to pay fine, 54.

Fugitive, slave, 16, 17.
   poor man, 16.

Ganger, associated with constable, q.v.

Gentleman, one of three estates, contrasted with poor man and slave, 196, 197, 199, etc.

Gift.  See Favourite son.

Goring by ox, 250, 251.

Gouging out eye, 196.
   penalty, 196, 198.

Governor, duties and liabilities, 23, 33 ff.
   not to delegate duty, 34.
   nor accept substitute, 34.
   not to oppress subordinates, 35.

Granary, 113.

Guilty knowledge, by buyer of stolen goods, 10.

Hand of God, 45, 46, 48.

Hands cut off, penalty for—
   striking father, 195.
   causing death by careless operation on free-man, 218.
   branding slave, without owner’s knowledge, 226.

Harbouring, fugitive slave, 16.
   militiaman, or conscript, 16.

Herdsmen.  See Shepherds.

Highway robbery, 22.  See Robbery.

Hire, of land, house, garden.  See Lease.
   scale fixed by king, 44, 51.
   wages fixed for—
      boatman, 6 gur of corn per annum, 239.
      working ox, 4 ,, ,, 242.
      cow in milk, (?) 3 ,, ,, 243.
      reaper 8 ,, ,, 257.
      thresher 6 ,, ,, 258.
      herdman, or shepherd, 8 ,, ,, 261.
      ox, for threshing, 20 ka of corn per diem, 268.
      ass, for threshing, 10 ,, ,, 269.
      calf, for threshing, 1 ka ,, ,, 270.
      oxen, wagon, and driver, 180 ,, ,, 271.
      wagon alone, 40 ,, ,, 272.
      labourer, first five months, 6 še silver ,, 273.
      ,, last seven months, 5 ,, ,, 273.
      artisan, 5 ,, ,, 274.
      brickmaker, 5 ,, ,, 274.
      tailor, 5 ,, ,, 274.
      stonecutter, 5 (?) ,, ,, 274.
      milkman, 5 ,, ,, 274.
      carpenter, 4 ,, ,, 274.
      a sa, 4 ,, ,, 274.
      boat, 3 ,, ,, 275.
      passenger boat, 2½ ,, ,, 276.
      freight boat of 60 gur, 1/6 shekel ,, 277.
         (N.B.—In corn measure, 1 gur=300 ka, worth one shekel of silver, and one shekel=80 še.

Hostage for debt.  See Mancipium.

Housebreaking, 21, 125.

Husband.  See Re-marriage, Wife, Divorce, Separation.

Hypothecation, of crop, regulated, 49.

Identification of lost property, 9.

Ignorance, plea of, 206, 227.

Illegal purchase, 35, 37.

Impalement, as penalty, 153.
   for procuring husband’s death, 153.

Incest, 154-158.
   of man and daughter, 154.
   of man and daughter-in-law, 155, 156.
   of man and mother, 157.
   of man and stepmother, 158.

Inheritance.  See Share.

Innocent wife, separation from bad husband, 142.  See Separation.

Interest on loan, etc., 49, 50, 100, X.
   abatement, 48.

Intimidation of witnesses, 3.

Jilting, 159.

Judge, duties and liabilities, 5, 9, 127, 167, 168, 172, 177.

Judgement, false.  See False.
   by default, 10.

Kidnapping, 14.

King’s standard, 44, 51.  See Hire, Scale.

Lancet, bronze, used in surgical operations, 215, 218, 220.

Landlord’s risks, 46.

Lease, of house, Y.
   field to cultivate, 42.
   ,, to reclaim, three years, 44.
   ,, to plant as garden, five years, 60.
   garden to till, 64.
   terms, not invalidated by neglect, 52.
   damages for not carrying out terms, 63.
   See Metayer.

Levy.  See Militia.

Lex talionis.  See Retaliation.

Libel.  See Slander.

Lion, referred to, 244, 266.

Local liability for—
   compensation for highway robbery, 23, 24.
   redemption of captive official, 32.

Loss, by burglary or rebellion, 125.
   of hired animal, by lion, 244.
   ,, by neglect, 245.
   ,, by blows, 245.
   ,, by hand of God, 249.
   of flock or herd, by hand of God, 266.
   ,, by lion, 226.
   of crop, when shared by landlord, 45.
   of interest.  See Abatement.

Lost property, recovery by owner, 9.
   sale by finder=theft, 9.

Lying, 11, 12.

Magistrate, over township, 23, 24.

Maid, female slave—
   given by wife to husband, to bear children, 144.
   not to rival mistress, 146.
   if so, reckoned slave again, 146.
   not sold, if a mother, 146.
   may be sold, if not, 146.
   children, acknowledged by husband, in his lifetime, share equally with wife’s children, 170.
   otherwise, free, but not heirs, 171.

Maintenance, of wife in absence, 133-135.
   of divorced wife, 137.
   or concubine, 137.

Malice prepense 206.

Malicious abuse of process, 12.

Mancipium, hostage to work off debt—
   natural death, 115.
   done to death, 116.
   free after three years, if free born, 117.
   slave, can be sold, by creditor on removal, 118.
      but not if mother of debtor’s children, 119.
      redeemed by debtor, 119.

Mansion, ‘great house.’  See Palace.

Manslaughter, of mancipium, 116.
   if slave, penalty one-third mina of silver, 116.
   by blow in quarrel, 207, 208.

Marks, on slave.  See Branding.

Marriage portion, given by father to bride—
   returned on divorce, 137.
   not to bad wife, 141.
   returned to injured wife, 142.
   ,, to invalid wife, who leaves husband, 149.
   property of wife’s children, 162.
   father of bride cannot reclaim, if she has children of the marriage, 162.
   returned, if wife dies childless, 163.
   less bride-price, if not repaid to husband, 164.
   if wife re-marry, shared by children of both marriages, 173.
   taken by children of first marriage, if none of second, 174.
   free wife of slave, takes her marriage portion, if any on his death, for self and children, 175.

Master’s right over married slave’s property, 175, 176.
   pays for slave’s cure, 217, 223.  See Slave.

Merchant, trader, relations with agent, 100-107.
   official (?), 40.
   as creditor, money-lender, 40, 49, 116, 118,