The Wealth of Nations, Adam Smith [english novels to improve english .TXT] 📗

1 reads “European.” ↩

Ed. 1 places the “it would seem” after “computed,” omits “in the Spanish market,” and puts the whole sentence at the end of the paragraph. ↩

Ed. 1 places the “indeed” here. ↩

Ed. 1 reads “that.” ↩

Above, here. ↩

Ed. 1 reads “It must still be true, however, that the whole mass of American gold comes to the European market at a price.” ↩

Ed. 1 contains another paragraph, “Were the king of Spain to give up his tax upon silver, the price of that metal might not, upon that account, sink immediately in the European market. As long as the quantity brought thither continued the same as before, it would still continue to sell at the same price. The first and immediate effect of this change, would be to increase the profits of mining, the undertaker of the mine now gaining all that he had been used to pay to the king. These great profits would soon tempt a greater number of people to undertake the working of new mines. Many mines would be wrought which cannot be wrought at present, because they cannot afford to pay this tax, and the quantity of silver brought to market would, in a few years be so much augmented, probably, as to sink its price about one-fifth below its present standard. This diminution in the value of silver would again reduce the profits of mining nearly to their present rate.” ↩

Above, here and here. ↩

Ed. 1 reads from the beginning of the paragraph, “It is not indeed very probable, that any part of a tax which affords so important a revenue, and which is imposed, too, upon one of the most proper subjects of taxation, will ever be given up as long as it is possible to pay it. The impossibility of paying it, however, may in time make it necessary to diminish it, in the same manner as it made it necessary to diminish the tax upon gold.” ↩

This paragraph appears first in ed. 2. ↩

Ed. 1 reads from the beginning of the paragraph, “That the first of these three events has already begun to take place, or that silver has, during the course of the present century, begun to rise somewhat in its value in the European market, the facts and arguments which have been alledged above dispose me to believe. The rise, indeed, has hitherto.” ↩

The last two paragraphs appear first in Additions and Corrections and ed. 3. ↩

Ed. 1 reads “may besides.” ↩

Ed. 1 reads “perhaps” here. ↩

Ed. 1 reads “That the increase of.” ↩

Ed. 1 places the “which arises” here. ↩

Above, here ff. ↩

Above, here. ↩

As mentioned above, here. Cicero, In Verr., Act. II, lib. iii, c. 70, is the authority. ↩

Lib. x c. 29. —⁠Smith

“Scio sestertiis sex candidam alioquin, quod est prope inusitatum, venisse, quae Agrippinae Claudii principis conjugi dono daretur.” “Seius” seems to be the result of misreading “Scio.” —⁠Cannan ↩

Lib. ix c. 17. —⁠Smith

This and the previous note appear first in ed. 2. —⁠Cannan ↩

Above, here and here. ↩

Above, here, and cp. below, here. ↩

Eds. 1⁠–⁠3 read “of all commercial.” ↩

Kalm’s Travels, vol. i. p. 343, 344. —⁠Smith

Travels Into North America, Containing Its Natural History and a Circumstantial Account of Its Plantations and Agriculture in General, with the Civil, Ecclesiastical and Commercial State of the Country, the Manners of the Inhabitants and Several Curious and Important Remarks on Various Subjects, by Peter Kalm, Professor of Œconomy in the University of Aobo, in Swedish Finland, and member of the S. Royal Academy of Sciences. Translated by John Reinhold Forster, F.A.S., 3 vols., 1770. The note appears first in ed. 2. —⁠Cannan ↩

Varro, De re rustica, iii, 2, and Columella, De re rustica, viii, 10, ad fin., where Varro is quoted. ↩

Histoire Naturelle, vol. v (1755), p. 122. ↩

History, ed. of 1773, vol. i, p. 226. ↩

Juan and Ulloa, Voyage historique, 2nde ptie, liv. i, chap. v, vol. i, p. 552. ↩

See Smith’s Memoirs of Wool, vol. i c. 5, 6, and 7; also, vol. ii c. 176. —⁠Smith

Ed. 1 does not give the volumes and chapters. The work was Chronicon Rusticum-Commerciale, or Memoirs of Wool, etc., by John Smith, and published 1747; see below, here. —⁠Cannan ↩

See below, here, and Smith’s Memoirs of Wool, vol. i, pp. 159, 170, 182. ↩

Eds. 1 and 2 read “importing it from all other countries.” ↩

Eds. 1 and 2 read “wool of all other countries.” ↩

Chronicon preciosum, ed. of 1707, p. 100, quoting from Kennet’s Par. Ant. Burcester is the modern Bicester. ↩

9 Geo. III, c. 39, for five years; continued by 14 Geo. III, c. 86, and 21 Geo. III, c. 29. ↩

By 5 Eliz., c. 22; 8 Eliz., c. 14; 18 Eliz., c. 9; 13 and 14 Car. II, c. 7, which last