Star Maker, Olaf Stapledon [top rated books of all time .TXT] 📗
- Author: Olaf Stapledon
- Performer: -
Book online «Star Maker, Olaf Stapledon [top rated books of all time .TXT] 📗». Author Olaf Stapledon
their mates, a dependence at once physiological and psychological. It
was the ichthyoids who mostly contributed to the mental symbiosis the
power of self-knowledge and mutual insight, and the contemplation which
is so necessary to keep action sweet and sane. That this was so was
evident from the fact that already among the arachnoids internecine
strife had appeared. Island tended to compete with island, and one great
industrial organization with another.
I could not help remarking that if this deep cleavage of interests had
occurred on my own planet, say between our two sexes, the favoured sex
would have single-mindedly trampled the other into servitude. Such a
“victory” on the part of the arachnoids did indeed nearly occur. More
and more partnerships were dissolved, each member attempting by means of
drugs to supply his or her system with the chemicals normally provided
by the symbiosis. For mental dependence, however, there was no
substitute, and the divorced partners were subject to serious mental
disorders, either subtle or flagrant. Nevertheless, there grew up a
large population capable of living after a fashion without the symbiotic
intercourse. Strife now took a violent turn. The intransigents of both
species attacked one another, and stirred up trouble among the
moderates. There followed a period of desperate and confused warfare. On
each side a small and hated minority advocated a “modernized symbiosis,”
in which each species should be able to contribute to the common life
even in a mechanized civilization. Many of these reformers were martyred
for their faith.
Victory would in the long run have gone to the arachnoids, for they
controlled the sources of power. But it soon appeared that the attempt
to break the symbiotic bond was not as successful as it had seemed. Even
in actual warfare, commanders were unable to prevent widespread
fraternization between the opposed forces. Members of dissolved
partnerships would furtively meet to snatch a few hours or moments of
each other’s company. Widowed or deserted individuals of each species
would timidly but hungrily venture toward the enemy’s camps in search of
new mates. Whole companies would surrender for the same purpose. The
arachnoids suffered more from the neuroses than from the weapons of the
enemy. On the islands, moreover, civil wars and social revolutions made
the manufacture of munitions almost impossible.
The most resolute faction of the arachnoids now attempted to bring the
struggle to an end by poisoning the ocean. The islands in turn were
poisoned by the millions of decaying corpses that rose to the sea’s
surface and were cast up on the shores. Poison, plague, and above all
neurosis, brought war to a standstill, civilization to ruin, and the two
species almost to extinction. The deserted sky-scrapers that crowded the
islands began to crumble into heaps of wreckage. The submarine cities
were invaded by the submarine jungle and by shark-like subhuman
ichthyoids of many species. The delicate tissue of knowledge began to
disintegrate into fragments of superstition.
Now at last came the opportunity of those who advocated a modernized
symbiosis. With difficulty they had maintained a secret existence and
their individual partnerships in the more remote and inhospitable
regions of the planet. They now came boldly forth to spread their gospel
among the unhappy remnants of the world’s population. There was a rage
of interspecific mating and remating. Primitive submarine agriculture
and hunting maintained the scattered peoples while a few of the coral
cities were cleared and rebuilt, and the instruments of a lean but
hopeful civilization were refashioned. This was a temporary
civilization, without mechanical power, but one which promised itself
great adventures in the “upper world” as soon as it had established the
basic principles of the reformed symbiosis.
To us it seemed that such an enterprise was doomed to failure, so clear
was it that the future lay with a terrestrial rather than a marine
creature. But we were mistaken. I must not tell in detail of the heroic
struggle by which the race refashioned its symbiotic nature to suit the
career that lay before it. The first stage was the reinstatement of
power stations on the islands, and the careful reorganization of a
purely submarine society equipped with power. But this reconstruction
would have been useless had it not been accompanied by a very careful
study of the physical and mental relations of the two species. The
symbiosis had to be strengthened so that interspecific strife should in
future be impossible. By means of chemical treatment in infancy the two
kinds of organism were made more interdependent, and in partnership more
hardy. By a special psychological ritual, a sort of mutual hypnosis, all
newly joined partners were henceforth brought into indissoluble mental
reciprocity. This interspecific communion, which every individual knew
in immediate domestic experience, became in time the basic experience of
all culture and religion. The symbiotic deity, which figured in all the
primitive mythologies, was reinstated as a symbol of the dual
personality of the universe, a dualism, it was said, of creativity and
wisdom, unified as the divine spirit of love. The one reasonable goal of
social life was affirmed to be the creation of a world of awakened, of
sensitive, intelligent, and mutually understanding personalities, banded
together for the common purpose of exploring the universe and developing
the “human” spirit’s manifold potentialities. Imperceptibly the young
were led to discover for themselves this goal.
Gradually and very cautiously all the industrial operations and
scientific researches of an earlier age were repeated, but with a
difference. Industry was subordinated to the conscious social goal.
Science, formerly the slave of industry, became the free colleague of
wisdom.
Once more the islands were crowded with buildings and with eager
arachnoid workers. But all the shallow coastal waters were filled with a
vast honeycomb of dwelling-houses, where the symbiotic partners took
rest and refreshment with their mates. In the ocean depths the old
cities were turned into schools, universities, museums, temples, palaces
of art and of pleasure. There the young of both kinds grew up together.
There the full-grown of both species met constantly for recreation and
stimulation. There, while the arachnoids were busy on the islands, the
ichthyoids performed their work of education and of refashioning the
whole theoretical culture of the world. For it was known clearly by now
that in this field their temperament and talents could make a vital
contribution to the common life. Thus literature, philosophy, and
non-scientific education were carried out chiefly in the ocean; while on
the islands industry, scientific inquiry, and the plastic arts were more
prominent.
Perhaps, in spite of the close union of each couple, this strange
division of labor would have led in time to renewed conflict, had it not
been for two new discoveries. One was the development of telepathy.
Several centuries after the Age of War it was found possible to
establish full telepathic intercourse between the two members of each
couple. In time this intercourse was extended to include the whole dual
race. The first result of this change was a great increase in the
facility of communication between individuals all over the world, and
therewith a great increase in mutual understanding and in unity of
social purpose. But before we lost touch with this rapidly advancing
race we had evidence of a much more far-reaching effect of universal
telepathy. Sometimes, so we were told, telepathic communion of the whole
race caused something like the fragmentary awakening of a communal
world-mind in which all individuals participated.
The second great innovation of the race was due to genetic research. The
arachnoids, who had to remain capable of active life on dry land and on
a massive planet, could not achieve any great improvement in brain
weight and complexity; but the ichthyoids, who were already large and
were buoyed up by the water, were not subject to this limitation. After
long and often disastrous experiment a race of “super-ichthyoids” was
produced. In time the whole ichthyoid population came to consist of
these creatures. Meanwhile the arachnoids, who were by now exploring and
colonizing other planets of their solar system, were genetically
improved not in respect of general brain complexity but in those special
brain centers which afforded telepathic intercourse. Thus, in spite of
their simpler brain-structure, they were able to maintain full
telepathic community even with their big-brained mates far away in the
oceans of the mother-planet. The simple brains and the complex brains
formed now a single system, in which each unit, however simple its own
contribution, was sensitive to the whole.
It was at this point, when the original ichthyoid race had given place
to the super-ichthyoids, that we finally lost touch. The experience of
the dual race passed completely beyond our comprehension. At a much
later stage of our adventure we came upon them again, and on a higher
plane of being. They were by then already engaged upon the vast common
enterprise which, as I shall tell, was undertaken by the Galactic
Society of Worlds. At this time the symbiotic race consisted of an
immense host of arachnoid adventurers scattered over many planets, and a
company of some fifty thousand million super-ichthyoids living a life of
natatory delight and intense mental activity in the ocean of their great
native world. Even at this stage physical contact between the symbiotic
partners had to be maintained, though at long intervals. There was a
constant stream of space-ships between the colonies and the
mother-world. The ichthyoids, together with their teeming colleagues on
a score of planets, supported a racial mind. Though the threads of the
common experience were spun by the whole symbiotic race, they were woven
into a single web by the ichthyoids alone in their primeval oceanic
home, to be shared by all members of both races.
2. COMPOSITE BEINGS
Sometimes in the course of our adventure we came upon worlds inhabited
by intelligent beings, whose developed personality was an expression not
of the single individual organism but of a group of organisms. In most
cases this state of affairs had arisen through the necessity of
combining intelligence with lightness of the individual body. A large
planet, rather close to its sun, or swayed by a very large satellite,
would be swept by great ocean tides. Vast areas of its surface would be
periodically submerged and exposed. In such a world flight was very
desirable, but owing to the strength of gravitation only a small
creature, a relatively small mass of molecules, could fly. A brain large
enough for complex “human” activity could not have been lifted.
In such worlds the organic basis of intelligence was often a swarm of
avian creatures no bigger than sparrows. A host of individual bodies
were possessed together by a single individual mind of human rank. The
body of this mind was multiple, but the mind itself was almost as firmly
knit as the mind of a man. As flocks of dunlin or redshank stream and
wheel and soar and quiver over our estuaries, so above the great
tide-flooded cultivated regions of these worlds the animated clouds of
avians maneuvered, each cloud a single center of consciousness.
Presently, like our own winged waders, the little avians would settle,
the huge volume of the cloud shrinking to a mere film upon the ground, a
sort of precipitate along the fringe of the receding tide.
Life in these worlds was rhythmically divided by the tides. During the
nocturnal tides the bird-clouds all slept on the waves. During the
daytime tides they indulged in aerial sports and religious exercises.
But twice a day, when the land was dry, they cultivated the drenched
ooze, or carried out in their cities of concrete cells all the
operations of industry and culture. It was interesting to us to see how
ingeniously, before the tide’s return, all the instruments of
civilization were sealed from the ravages of the water.
Comments (0)