Australia, Stefania Cubaque [miss read books .txt] 📗

Overview of Australia

 

 

 

Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is located in the southern hemisphere, on the continent of Oceania. It is the world's sixth largest with an area of ​​7,686,850 km2 country. His political capital is Canberra.

 

The closest countries to Australia are Indonesia, East Timor and Papua New Guinea to the north, the Solomon Islands, Vanuatu and the French dependency of New Caledonia to the northeast and New Zealand to the southeast.

 

Currently the monarch of Australia is Elizabeth II, the governor is Peter Cosgrove and his Prime Minister is Tony Abbott. Australia has a liberal democratic political system and remains a monarchy within the British Commonwealth of Nations.

 

 

 

 

The life expectancy is 80.9 years (the fourth highest in the world).

 

In Australia also conducted the Commonwealth Games 1938, 1962, 1982 and 2006. Other major international events that take place in this country often include the Formula 1 race known as the Grand Prix of Australia, Rally Australia scoring for the World Rally Championship cricket competitions or internationally.

 

The typical dish is quintessential Australia meatloaf.

 

 

History

Australia has been inhabited for more than forty-two thousand years by the Australian Aborigines.

After the visits of the Portuguese, Dutch fishermen, European explorers and traders began in the seventeenth century.

 

 

 

Half of the continent was claimed by England in 1770 and in 1788 a penal colony was established in New South Wales and in the nineteenth century another five more British colonies were established. On 1 January 1901, the six colonies federated, forming the Commonwealth of Australia. Since Federation, has maintained a stable liberal democratic political system and has continued as a monarchy within the British Commonwealth.

 

In conventional division into continents, Australia is included in Oceania, which also encompasses the islands of the Pacific (New Zealand and the adjacent islands also make up a continent with Australia to not belong to the Sahul platform).

 

Location and geography

 

 

Australia is located in the southern hemisphere, between the Pacific Ocean and the Indian Ocean and is crossed by the Tropic of Capricorn.

 

Australia is a continent in Oceania MUG, located between the Indian Ocean and South Pacific Ocean. Australia has a coastline of 25,760 kilometers, has land borders

 

The main towns in Australia are:

 

Sydney in the state of New South Wales. Melboume in the state of Victoria. Brisbane in the state of Queensland. Perth in Western Australia. Adelaide in South Australia. Gold Coast-Tweed in the state of Queensland. Newcastle in the state of New South Wales. Canberra in the Australian capital. Wollongong in the state of New South Wales. Sunshine Coast in Queensland state. Language and religion

English is the official language and is written in a variant known as Australian English and spoken. According to the 2001 census, English is the only language spoken in the home for about 80% of the population.

 

After this, the most widely spoken languages ​​are Chinese (2.1%), Italian (1.9%) and Greek (1.4%). The Spanish (0.5%), with 104,000 speakers language is the seventh country influence.

 

Australia has no state religion. In the 2001 census, 68% of Australians identified themselves as Christians, 41% is Protestant (Anglican 21%), 27% Roman eracatólico. Australian followers of non-Christian religions comprise 5% of the population. A total of 19% was categorized as non-religious.

 

 

Weather, population and currency

The climate in Australia is dry, flat and is one of the countries which has less fertile soils. The climate in northern Australia is tropical and the vegetation consists of rainforests, forests, grasslands, swamps and deserts.

 

 

 

The population of Australia is 21 million, and has a population growth of 1.1 annually. Its largest city is Sydney.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

The currency is managed in Australia is the Australian dollar and this is the lowest dollar market , its relationship with the U.S. dollar changes daily , but usually is around 0.9 .

Education and sport

Regarding school attendance is compulsory from 6 to 15 years minimum throughout Australia, helping the literacy level of the adult population is about 99%. They are 38 Australian universities and the majority receive government contributions. There is a training system based on the rule, known as TAFE Institutes (Technical and Further Education), and many stores are preparing staff as new traders.

 

 

 

 

The Sport , backed by a warm climate that favors outdoor activities , plays an important role in Australian culture . 23.5 % of Australians over the age of 15 regularly participate in organized sports activities.

 

Nationally, the most popular sports are:

 

Football. Horse Racing. Cricket. Rugby. Rugby league. Football. Racing.

 

Also highlighted in hockey, cycling, rowing and swimming.

 

Australia has participated in every edition of the Olympic Games of the modern era , and every Commonwealth Games . It has hosted the Olympic Games in 1956 and 2000.

 

In tennis Australians are known for their serve and volley game and enjoy quality players Lleyton Hewitt, Samantha Stosur, Alicia Molik or among others, also celebrate the Australia Open in Melbourne, one of the four tennis tournaments Grand Slam .

 

The cycling is a growing sport , with the likes of Cadel Evans, Michael Rogers, Stuart O'Grady and Robbie McEwen to the head. Australia is one of the few countries in the helmet with bicycle in traffic is required.

Tourist places  Several sites are of great interest to visit in Australia, one of the most famous is the Great Barrier Reef, considered by UNESCO as world heritage, comprises 2,900 coral reefs over a distance of 2,000 kilometers, this is known as the only living organism visible from space, is located on the east coast. It is also one of the most visited tourist attractions in the world.

 

 

 

 

 

The Twelve Apostles are part of "Port Campbell National Park", nine pinnacles rise above the coast and are considered as the most beautiful example of a landform known as cliff.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ayers Rock, also known as the "Jewel of Australia” with more than 600 million years , is 3.5 kilometers long and 350 meters high , this spectacular mountain is a sacred place for Aborigines and has been a fascinating subject for all visitors .

 

 

 

 

 

Within manmade attractions undoubtedly the best known is the Opera House, built in 1973, its organizational structure shaped candles with white tiles has become famous, making it the emblem of the city and even the country.

 

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Publication Date: 04-02-2014

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