Network Terms to Learn, Kalai Selvi Arivalagan [books to read in a lifetime .TXT] 📗

to efficiently verify the transaction.

Because it is the structure of the data that secures the information, blockchains allow transaction records to be open and distributed. All parties can access the entire record of transactions. This allows users to verify that funds are available before a transaction and blockchains create a secure record of the transaction. This makes it harder for someone to make a fraudulent payment.  The transaction ledger can also be stored on peer-to-peer systems because the blocks include the location of the next record. No central intermediary is required. The distributed nature of blockchains makes it harder for hackers to gain access to the system. There is no one central point that is vulnerable to attack.

 

Composable Infrastructure

A composable infrastructure is a type of infrastructure that is pieced together conceptually, where individual elements such as compute, storage and network elements are treated as individual services. The composable infrastructure is meant to operate independently of a single hardware platform, and resource pooling helps to provide what individual elements need to perform well. The use of application programming interfaces (APIs) can help companies to create these types of infrastructures.

 

Radio Frequency Identification

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) refers to technologies that use wireless communication between an object (or tag) and interrogating device (or reader) to automatically track and identify such objects. The tag transmission range is limited to several meters from the reader. A clear line of sight between the reader and tag is not necessarily required. Several industry groups, including the International Standards Organization (ISO) and International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), regulate and define RFID interoperability standards.

 

Intelligent Sensor

 

An intelligent sensor, as the name suggests, is a sensor device that is able to perform a number of intelligent functions as part of its task or duty. An intelligent sensor is able to self-test, self-validate and self-adapt as well as self-identify. These sensors understand the environment they are put into and they can manage a wide range of conditions.

 

Supply Chain Risk Management (SCRM)

 

Supply Chain Risk Management (SCRM) is a strategic approach to lowering the probability that an organization’s reputation and/or profitability will be harmed by an untrustworthy supply chain component.

Supply chain risk management software platforms can help stakeholders improve supply chain resiliency by using data to identify areas of risk and proactively mitigate them. This type of software platform is often procured as a software-as-a-service (SaaS) cloud app.

The features of an enterprise SCRM platform can help stakeholders:

Use real-time data and big data analytics to optimize supply chain resources. Take advantage of machine learning algorithms to identify and prioritize risk remediation efforts. Experiment with graph databases to map dependencies between supplier components. Manage third-party risk more effectively by identifying more than one supplier for key purchase items. Vet new suppliers by automating the processes required to collect, analyze and manage supplier information. Automate communication and smart contract updates with supply chain partners. Cross-reference supplier software bill of materials (SBOM).

 

Term of the day - 24

 

Word of Mouse

 

The phrase “word of mouse” is a new version of the older term “word of mouth” that applies to the digital era – “word of mouse” is people passing along messages about a company or product (or anything else) through digital forums.

 

Source Routing

Source routing is a specific routing process where senders can specify the route that data packets take through a network. This allows for troubleshooting and various transmission goals. Source routing is an alternative to traditional routing where packets just move through a network based on their destination.  Source routing is also known as path addressing.

 

Standard ML (SML)

 

Standard ML (SML) is a newer version of the “Meta Language” or ML programming language developed in the 1970s. ML has roots in LISP, which is one of a family of computing programming languages with parenthesized prefix notation.

 

Business Email Compromise (BEC)

 

A business email compromise (BEC) attack is a type of deceptive hack in which malicious outsiders target company email systems. By spoofing a corporate email account, BEC attackers can get access to critical data and perform various kinds of effective hacking. These attacks are also often called “man-in-the-email” attacks.

 

Artificial Intelligence of Things (AIoT)

Artificial intelligence of things (AIoT) is a broad term for applying artificial intelligence to the internet of things (IoT), a new phenomenon that represents many simple digital connections between hardware devices. The internet of things is comprised of billions of small connected devices, including traditional devices and appliances networked together and communicating over internet protocols. Adding AI to IoT brings its own system of challenges and potential solutions.

 

Orphan Account

An orphan account is a corporate account that has permissions to access sensitive data or internal systems but does not belong to a specific legitimate user. These types of user accounts can be a significant liability to businesses.

 

Accounting as a Service (AaaS)

Accounting as a service (AaaS) is a business and technology term used to refer to innovative next-generation methods of providing accounting services to a client. Aspects of accounting as a service include the idea of using cloud services to provide accounting services, and the idea that accounting becomes a modular service design, rather than a traditional office-to-office relationship.

 

Actionable Insight

 

Actionable insight is a term in data analytics and big data for information that can be acted upon or information that gives enough insight into the future that the actions that should be taken become clear for decision makers. It is often the result of extensive data analytics and other data processing; in short it is an analytics result that provides enough data for managers and organizations to make an informed decision.

 

Superscalar Processor

A superscalar processor is a specific type of microprocessor that uses instruction-level parallelism to help to facilitate more than one instruction executed during a clock cycle. This depends on analysis of the instructions to be carried out and the use of multiple execution units to triage these instructions.

 

DevOps

The term DevOps is commonly considered a combination of the concepts of development and operations. It is used in IT to refer to roles or processes that bridge various departments – usually development and operations teams – to achieve a certain project management philosophy that involves more efficiency in communications between development teams and other parts of a greater business or organization.

 

Freemium

Freemium is a business strategy or model implemented by business owners or service providers to allow a user to use the basic features of a service or product free of charge for a limited time period. The service providers normally charge a premium for additional or advanced features. The term freemium is a blend of the words "free" and "premium."

 

Location Intelligence

Location intelligence is a broad term for a type of technology that is very quickly proliferating – the capacity of technology to track items or people in a physical space. Location technology is being widely used in consumer-facing technologies and in other fields such as security and law enforcement.

 

AIOps

AIOps is a methodology that is on the frontier of enterprise IT operations. AIOps automates various aspects of IT and utilizes the power of artificial intelligence to create self-learning programs that help revolutionize IT services.

 

Comma-Separated Values File (CSV)

A comma separated values (CSV) file contains different values separated by a delimiter, which acts as a database table or an intermediate form of a database table. In other words, a CSV file is a set of database rows and columns stored in a text file such that the rows are separated by a new line while the columns are separated by a semicolon or a comma. A CSV file is primarily used to transport data between two databases of different formats through a computer program.

 

Blackholing

Blackholing is an anti-spam technique in which an internet service provider (ISP) blocks packets coming from a certain domain or address. Blackholing can also refer to an individual who sets up a similar barrier up for his or her personal network. Blackholing of specific domains can prevent certain types of malware and denial of service attacks.

 

Big Mother

Big Mother is a slang term that refers to modern technology that parents can use to monitor their children. The range of Big Mother technology is quite large. Some examples include: Geolocation, Cell phone spy software, Nanny cams, Purchase tracking software, Car chips and cameras.

 

Dark Fiber

Dark fiber is unused optical fiber that has been laid but is not currently being used in fiber-optic communications. Because fiber-optic cable transmits information in the form of light pulses, a "dark" cable refers to one through which light pulses are not being transmitted. There are thousands of miles of dark fiber across the U.S., as companies have installed additional fiber optic systems. These companies assume that they will be able to lease those dark fibers to cable TV, telephone or other companies looking to expand their reach in the future. The fibers are neither controlled nor connected to the phone company, but the phone company provides the necessary functional components.

 

Dark fiber services are provided by local exchange carriers (LECs) to maintain optical fiber transmission capacity between customer locations where light for fibers is provided by the customers.  Dark fiber is also known as unlit fiber.

 

Big Iron

Big iron is a slang word commonly used to describe a very large, expensive and extremely fast computer. It is often used to refer to oversized computers such as Cray’s supercomputer or IBM’s mainframe.  The term big iron originated in the 1970s, when smaller computers known as minicomputers were introduced. To describe larger computers compared to the small minicomputers, the term big iron was coined by users and the industry.

 

Big iron computers are primarily used by large companies to process massive amounts of data such as bank transactions. They are designed with considerable internal memory, a high aptitude for external storage, top-quality internal engineering, superior technical support, fast throughput input/output and reliability.

 

Deep Web

The deep web refers to any internet information or data that is inaccessible by a search engine and includes all web pages, websites, intranets, networks and online communities that are intentionally and/or unintentionally hidden, invisible or unreachable to search engine crawlers.  The deep web is also known as the hidden web, undernet, deepnet or invisible web.

 

Parallax Scrolling

Parallax scrolling is a scrolling technique used in computer graphics in which background images move more slowly than images in the foreground, creating the illusion of depth and immersion. It is often used in video games.

 

URL Rewriting

URL rewriting is the process of modifying Uniform Resource Locators (URLs) for various purposes. The URL as a “web address” is a string that, when entered into the browser bar field, directs the browser to move to a given site and page. Changing the URL can help with user access and site visibility; it can also be used by hackers to redirect users without their knowledge or “trap” them in a certain site.  URL rewriting is also known as URL manipulation.

 

DataOps

The DataOps approach seeks to apply the principles of agile software development and DevOps (combining development and operations) to data analytics, to break down silos and promote efficient, streamlined data handling across many segments. DataOps is served by tools, technologies and techniques that combine multiple stages of a staged process to improve and enhance the management of data for enterprise use.

 

Technodeterminism

Technodeterminism is a reductionist theory created by an American sociologist, Thorstein Veblen, which states that the improvement of society’s cultural values and social structure is driven by the technology it possesses. Technological advancements as a whole have become a key aspect influencing change and history. Other