The History of England, from the Accession of James the Second - Volume 2, Thomas Babington Macaulay [best autobiographies to read .txt] 📗

160 The wealth and negligence of the established clergy of Ireland are mentioned in the strongest terms by the Lord Lieutenant Clarendon, a most unexceptionable witness.

FN 161 Clarendon reminds the King of this in a letter dated March 14. "It certainly is," Clarendon adds, "a most true notion."

FN 162 Clarendon strongly recommended this course, and was of opinion that the Irish Parliament would do its part. See his letter to Ormond, Aug. 28. 1686.

FN 163 It was an O'Neill of great eminence who said that it did not become him to writhe his mouth to chatter English. Preface to the first volume of the Hibernia Anglicana.

FN 164 Sheridan MS. among the Stuart Papers. I ought to acknowledge the courtesy with which Mr. Glover assisted me in my search for this valuable manuscript. James appears, from the instructions which he drew up for his son in 1692, to have retained to the last the notion that Ireland could not without danger be entrusted to an Irish Lord Lieutenant.

FN 165 Sheridan MS.

FN 166 Clarendon to Rochester, Jan. 19. 1685/6; Secret Consults of the Romish Party in Ireland, 1690.

FN 167 Clarendon to Rochester, Feb. 27. 1685/6.

FN 168 Clarendon to Rochester and Sunderland, March 2. 1685/6; and to Rochester, March 14.

FN 169 Clarendon to Sunderland, Feb. 26. 1685/6.

FN 170 Sunderland to Clarendon, March 11. 1685/6.

FN 171 Clarendon to Rochester, March 14. 1685/6.

FN 172 Clarendon to James, March 4. 1685/6.

FN 173 James to Clarendon, April 6. 1686.

FN 174 Sunderland to Clarendon, May 22. 1686; Clarendon to Ormond, May 30.; Clarendon to Sunderland, July 6. 11.

FN 175 Clarendon to Rochester and Sunderland, June 1. 1686; to Rochester, June 12. King's State of the Protestants of Ireland, chap. ii. sec. 6, 7. Apology for the Protestants of Ireland, 1689.

FN 176 Clarendon to Rochester, May 15 1686.

FN 177 Ibid. May 11. 1686.

FN 178 Ibid. June 8. 1686.

FN 179 Secret Consults of the Romish Party in Ireland.

FN 180 Clarendon to Rochester, June 26. and July 4. 1686; Apology for the Protestants of Ireland, 1689.

FN 181 Clarendon to Rochester, July 4. 22. 1686; to Sunderland, July 6; to the King, Aug. 14.

FN 182 Clarendon to Rochester, June 19. 1686.

FN 183 Ibid. June 22. 1686.

FN 184 Sheridan MS. King's State of the Protestants of Ireland, chap. iii. sec. 3. sec. 8. There is a most striking instance of Tyrconnel's impudent mendacity in Clarendon's letter to Rochester, July 22. 1686.

FN 185 Clarendon to Rochester, June 8. 1686.

FN 186 Clarendon to Rochester, Sept. 23. and Oct. 2. 1686 Secret Consults of the Romish Party in Ireland, 1690.

FN 187 Clarendon to Rochester, Oct. 6. 1686.

FN 188 Clarendon to the King and to Rochester, Oct. 23. 1686.

FN 189 Clarendon to Rochester, Oct. 29, 30. 1686.

FN 190 Ibid. Nov. 27. 1686.

FN 191 Barillon, Sept. 13/23 1686; Clarke's Life of James the Second, ii. 99.

FN 192 Sheridan MS.

FN 193 Clarke's Life of James the Second, ii. 100.

FN 194 Barillon, Sept. 13/23 i686; Bonrepaux, June 4. I687.

FN 195 Barillon, Dec. 2/12 1686; Burnet, i. 684.; Clarke's Life of James the Second, ii. 100.; Dodd's Church History. I have tried to frame a fair narrative out of these conflicting materials. It seems clear to me, from Rochester's own papers that he was on this occasion by no means so stubborn as he has been represented by Burnet and by the biographer of James.

FN 196 From Rochester's Minutes, dated Dec. 3. 1686.

FN 197 From Rochester's Minutes, Dec. 4. 1686.

FN 198 Barillon, Dec. 20/30 1686.

FN 199 Burnet, i. 684.

FN 200 Bonrepaux, Mar 25/June 4 1687.

FN 201 Rochester's Minutes, Dec. 19 1686; Barillon, Dec 30 / Jan 9 1686/7; Burnet, i. 685. Clarke's Life of James the Second, ii. 102.; Treasury Warrant Book, Dec. 29. 1686.

FN 202 Bishop Malony in a letter to Bishop Tyrrel says, "Never a Catholic or other English will ever think or make a step, nor suffer the King to make a step for your restauration, but leave you as you were hitherto, and leave your enemies over your heads: nor is there any Englishman, Catholic or other, of what quality or degree soever alive, that will stick to sacrifice all Ireland for to save the least interest of his own in England, and would as willingly see all Ireland over inhabited by English of whatsoever religion as by the Irish."

FN 203 The best account of these transactions is in the Sheridan MS.

FN 204 Sheridan MS.; Oldmixon's Memoirs of Ireland; King's State of the Protestants of Ireland, particularly chapter iii.; Apology for the Protestants of Ireland, 1689.

FN 205 Secret Consults of the Romish Party in Ireland, 1690.

FN 206 London Gazette, Jan. 6. and March 14. 1686/7; Evelyn's Diary, March 10 Etherege's letter to Dover is in the British Museum.

FN 207 "Pare che gli animi sono inaspriti della voce che corre per il popolo, desser cacciato il detto ministro per non essere Cattolico, percio tirarsi al esterminio de' Protestanti."-Adda, 1687.

FN 208 The chief materials from which I have taken my description of the Prince of Orange will be found in Burnet's History, in Temple's and Gourville's Memoirs, in the Negotiations of the Counts of Estrades and Avaux, in Sir George Downing's Letters to Lord Chancellor Clarendon, in Wagenaar's voluminous History, in Van Kamper's Karakterkunde der Vaderlandsche Geschiedenis, and, above all, in William's own confidential correspondence, of which the Duke of Portland permitted Sir James Mackintosh to take a copy.

FN 209 William was earnestly intreated by his friends, after the peace of Ryswick, to speak seriously to the French ambassador about the schemes of assassination which the Jacobites of St. Germains were constantly contriving. The cold magnanimity with which these intimations of danger were received is singularly characteristic. To Bentinck, who had sent from Paris very alarming intelligence, William merely replied at the end of a long letter of business,-"Pour les assasins je ne luy en ay pas voulu parler, croiant que c'etoit au desous de moy." May 2/12 1698. I keep the original orthography, if it is to be so called.

FN 210 From Windsor he wrote to Bentinck, then ambassador at Paris. "Jay pris avant hier un cerf dans la forest avec les chains du Pr. de Denm. et ay fait on assez jolie chasse, autant que ce vilain paiis le permest. March 20/April 1 1698. The spelling is bad, but not worse than Napoleon's. William wrote in better humour from Loo. "Nous avons pris deux gros cerfs, le premier dans Dorewaert, qui est un des plus gros que je sache avoir jamais pris. Il porte seize." Oct 25/Nov 4 1697.

FN 211 March 3. 1679.

FN 212 "Voila en peu de mot le detail de nostre St. Hubert. Et j'ay eu soin que M. Woodstoc" (Bentinck's eldest son) "n'a point este a la chasse, bien moin au soupe, quoyqu'il fut icy. Vous pouvez pourtant croire que de n'avoir pas chasse l'a on peu mortifie, mais je ne l'ay pas ause prendre sur moy, puisque vous m'aviez dit que vous ne le souhaitiez pas." From Loo, Nov. 4. 1697.

FN 213 On the 15th of June, 1688.

FN 214 Sept. 6. 1679.

FN 215 See Swift's account of her in the Journal to Stella.

FN 216 Henry Sidney's Journal of March 31. 1680, in Mr. Blencowe's interesting collection.

FN 217 Speaker Onslow's note on Burnet, i. 596.; Johnson's Life of Sprat.

FN 218 No person has contradicted Burnet more frequently or with more asperity than Dartmouth. Yet Dartmouth wrote, "I do not think he designedly published anything he believed to he false." At a later period Dartmouth, provoked by some remarks on himself in the second volume of the Bishop's history, retracted this praise but to such a retraction little importance can be attached. Even Swift has the justice to say, "After all, he was a man of generosity and good nature."-Short Remarks on Bishop Burnet's History.

It is usual to censure Burnet as a singularly inaccurate historian; hut I believe the charge to be altogether unjust. He appears to be singularly inaccurate only because his narrative has been subjected to a scrutiny singularly severe and unfriendly. If any Whig thought it worth while to subject Reresby's Memoirs, North's Examen, Mulgrave's Account of the Revolution, or the Life of James the Second, edited by Clarke, to a similar scrutiny, it would soon appear that Burnet was far indeed from being the most inexact writer of his time.

FN 219 Dr. Hooper's MS. narrative, published in the Appendix to Lord Dungannon's Life of William.

FN 220 Avaux Negotiations, Aug. 10/20 Sept. 14/24 Sept 28/Oct 8 Dec. 7/17 1682.

FN 221 I cannot deny myself the pleasure of quoting Massillon's unfriendly, yet discriminating and noble, character of William. "Un prince profond dans ses vues; habile a former des ligues et a reunir les esprits; plus heureux a exciter les guerres qu'a combatire; plus a craindre encore dans le secret du cabinet, qu'a la tete des armees; un ennemi que la haine du nom Francais avoit rendu capable d'imaginer de grandes choses et de les executer; un de ces genies qui semblent etre nes pour mouvoir a leur gre les peuples et les souverains; un grand homme, s'il n'avoit jamais voulu etre roi."-Oraison funebre de M. le Dauphin.

FN 222 For example, "Je crois M. Feversham un tres brave et honeste homme. Mais je doute s'il a assez d'experience diriger une si grande affaire qu'il a sur le bras. Dieu lui donne un succes prompt et heureux. Mais je ne suis pas hors d'inquietude." July 7/17 1685. Again, after he had received the news of the battle of Sedgemoor, "Dieu soit loue du bon succes que les troupes du Roy ont eu contre les rebelles. Je ne doute pas que cette affaire ne soit entierement assoupie, et que le regne du Roy sera heureux, Ce que Dieu veuille." July 10/20

FN 223 The treaty will be found in the Recueil des Traites, iv. No. 209.

FN 224 Burnet, i. 762.

FN 225 Temple's Memoirs.

FN 226 See the poems entitled The Converts and The Delusion.

FN 227 The lines are in the Collection of State Poems.

FN 228 Our information about Wycherly is very scanty; but two things are certain, that in his later years he called himself a Papist, and that he received money from James. I have very little doubt that he was a hired convert.

FN 229 See the article on him in the Biographia Britannica.

FN 230 See James Quin's account of Haines in Davies's Miscellanies; Tom Brown's Works; Lives of Sharpers; Dryden's Epilogue to the Secular Masque.

FN 231 This fact, which escaped the minute researches of Malone, appears from the Treasury Letter Book of 1685.

FN 232 Leeuwen, Dec 25/Jan 4 1685/6

FN 233 Barillon, - Jan 31/Feb 10 1686/7. "Je crois que, dans le fond, si on ne pouvoit laisser que la religion Anglicane et la Catholique etablies par les loix, le Roy d'Angleterre en seroit bien plus content."

FN 234 It will be round in Wodrow, Appendix, vol. ii. No. 129.

FN 235 Wodrow, Appendix, vol. ii. No. 128. 129. 132.

FN 236 Barillon Feb 20/March 10 1686/7; Citters, Feb. 16/23; Reresby's Memoirs Bonrepaux, May 25/June 4 1687.

FN 237 Barillon, March 14/24 1687; Lady Russell to Dr. Fitzwilliam, April 1.; Burnet, i. 671. 762. The