Dead Souls, Nikolai Gogol [best biographies to read .TXT] 📗

the Russian translation made direct from the Hebrew. ↩

An urn for brewing honey tea. ↩

An urn for brewing ordinary tea. ↩

A German dramatist (1761⁠–⁠1819) who also filled sundry posts in the service of the Russian Government. ↩

Priest’s wife. ↩

In this case the term General refers to a civil grade equivalent to the military rank of the same title. ↩

An annual tax upon peasants, payment of which secured to the payer the right of removal. ↩

Cabbage soup. ↩

Three horses harnessed abreast. ↩

A member of the gentry class. ↩

Pieces equal in value to twenty-five kopecks (a quarter of a rouble). ↩

A Russian general who, in 1812, stoutly opposed Napoleon at the battle of Borodino. ↩

The late eighteenth century. ↩

Forty Russian pounds. ↩

To serve as blotting-paper. ↩

A liquor distilled from fermented bread crusts or sour fruit. ↩

That is to say, a distinctively Russian name. ↩

A jeering appellation which owes its origin to the fact that certain Russians cherish a prejudice against the initial character of the word⁠—namely, the Greek θ, or th. ↩

The great Russian general who, after winning fame in the Seven Years’ War, met with disaster when attempting to assist the Austrians against the French in 1799. ↩

A kind of large gnat. ↩

A copper coin worth five kopecks. ↩

A Russian general who fought against Napoleon, and was mortally wounded at Borodino. ↩

Literally, “nursemaid.” ↩

Village factor or usurer. ↩

Subordinate government officials. ↩

Nevertheless Chichikov would appear to have erred, since most people would make the sum amount to twenty-three roubles, forty kopecks. If so, Chichikov cheated himself of one rouble, fifty-six kopecks. ↩

The names Kariakin and Volokita might, perhaps, be translated as “Gallant” and “Loafer.” ↩

Tradesman or citizen. ↩

The game of knucklebones. ↩

A sort of low, four-wheeled carriage. ↩

The system by which, in annual rotation, two-thirds of a given area are cultivated, while the remaining third is left fallow. ↩

Public Prosecutor. ↩

To reproduce this story with a raciness worthy of the Russian original is practically impossible. The translator has not attempted the task. ↩

One of the mistresses of Louis XIV of France. In 1680 she wrote a book called Réflexions sur la Miséricorde de Dieu, par une Dame Pénitente. ↩

Four-wheeled open carriage. ↩

Silver five kopeck piece. ↩

A silver quarter rouble. ↩

In the days of serfdom, the rate of forced labour⁠—so many hours or so many days per week⁠—which the serf had to perform for his proprietor. ↩

At this point there is a long hiatus in the original. ↩

The Elder. ↩

The Younger. ↩

Secondary School. ↩

The desiatin = 2.86 English acres. ↩

“One more makes five.” ↩

Dried spinal marrow of the sturgeon. ↩

Long, belted Tartar blouses. ↩

Village commune. ↩

Landowner. ↩

Here from the original two pages are missing. ↩

Here, in the original, a word is missing. ↩

At this point there occurs a long hiatus. ↩

Here there occurs a hiatus in the original. ↩

Dissenters or Old Believers: i.e. members of the sect which refused to accept the revised version of the Church Service Books promulgated by the Patriarch Nikon in 1665. ↩

Fiscal districts. ↩

At this point a long hiatus occurs in the original. ↩

Here the manuscript of the original comes abruptly to an end. ↩

Colophon

Dead Souls
was published in 1842 by
Nikolai Gogol.
It was translated from Russian in 1915 by
D. J. Hogarth.

This ebook was produced for
Standard Ebooks
by
Robin Whittleton,
and is based on a transcription produced in 1997 by
John Bickers
for
Project Gutenberg
and on digital scans available at the
Internet Archive.

The cover page is adapted from
The Abolition of Serfdom in Russia,
a painting completed in 1914 by
Alphonse Mucha.
The cover and title pages feature the
League Spartan and Sorts Mill Goudy
typefaces created in 2014 and 2009 by
The League of Moveable Type.

The first edition of this ebook was released on
June 3, 2017, 3:57 p.m.
You can check for updates to this ebook, view its revision history, or download it for different ereading systems at
standardebooks.org/ebooks/nikolai-gogol/dead-souls/d-j-hogarth.

The volunteer-driven Standard Ebooks project relies on readers like you to submit typos, corrections, and other improvements. Anyone can contribute at standardebooks.org.

Uncopyright

May you do good and not evil.
May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
May you share freely, never taking more than you give.

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