The 2008 CIA World Factbook, United States. Central Intelligence Agency [primary phonics books .TXT] 📗

ZUMI]; Alliance for Democracy or AD [Mojisoluwa AKINFENWA];
  All Nigeria Peoples' Party or ANPP [Edwin UME-EZEOKE]; All
  Progressives Grand Alliance or APGA [Victor C. UMEH]; Democratic
  People's Party or DPP [Jeremiah USENI]; Fresh Democratic Party
  [Chris OKOTIE]; Labor Party [Dan NWANYANWU]; Movement for the
  Restoration and Defense of Democracy or MRDD [Mohammed Gambo
  JIMETA]; National Democratic Party or NDP [Aliyu Habu FARI]; Peoples
  Democratic Party or PDP [vacant]; Peoples Progressive Alliance
  [Clement EBRI]; Peoples Redemption Party or PRP [Abdulkadir Balarabe
  MUSA]; Peoples Salvation Party or PSP [Lawal MAITURARE]; United
  Nigeria Peoples Party or UNPP [Mallam Selah JAMBO]

Niue
  Alliance of Independents or AI; Niue People's Action Party or
  NPP [Young VIVIAN]

Norfolk Island
  none

Northern Mariana Islands
  Covenant Party [Benigno R. FITIAL];
  Democratic Party [Dr. Carlos S. CAMACHO]; Republican Party [Juan S.
  REYES]

Norway
  Center Party [Aslaug Marie HAGA]; Christian People's Party
  [Dagfinn HOYBRATEN]; Conservative Party [Erna SOLBERG]; Labor Party
  [Jens STOLTENBERG]; Liberal Party [Lars SPONHEIM]; Progress Party
  [Siv JENSEN]; Socialist Left Party [Kristin HALVORSEN]

Oman
  none

Pakistan
  Awami National Party or ANP [Asfandyar Wali KHAN];
  Balochistan National Party-Hayee Group or BNP-H [Dr. Hayee BALOCH];
  Balochistan National Party-Awami or BNP-A [Moheem Khan BALOCH];
  Balochistan National Party-Mengal or BNP-M [Sardar Ataullah MENGAL];
  Jamhoori Watan Party or JWP; Jamiat Ahle Hadith or JAH [Sajid MIR];
  Jamaat-i Islami or JI [Qazi Hussain AHMED]; Jamiat Ulema-i Islam
  Fazlur Rehman or JUI-F [Fazlur REHMAN]; Jamiat Ulema-i Islam Sami-ul
  HAQ or JUI-S [Sami ul-HAQ]; Jamiat Ulema-i Pakistan or JUP [Shah
  Faridul HAQ]; Muttahida Majlis-e Amal or MMA [Qazi Hussain AHMED];
  Muttahida Qaumi Movement or MQM [Altaf HUSSAIN]; National Alliance
  or NA [Ghulam Mustapha JATOI] (merged with PML); National Peoples
  Party or NPP; Pakhtun Khwa Milli Awami Party or PKMAP [Mahmood Khan
  ACHAKZAI]; Pakistan Awami Tehrik or PAT [Tahir ul QADRI]; Pakistan
  Muslim League-Functional or PML-F [Pir PAGARO]; Pakistan Muslim
  League-Nawaz Sharif or PML-N [Nawaz SHARIF]; Pakistan Muslim League
  or PML [Chaudhry Shujaat HUSSAIN]; Pakistan Peoples Party-SHERPAO or
  PPP-S [Aftab Ahmed Khan SHERPAO]; Pakistan Peoples Party
  Parliamentarians or PPPP [Bilawal Bhutto ZARDARI, chairman; Asif Ali
  ZARDARI, co-chairman]; Pakistan Tehrik-e Insaaf or PTI [Imran KHAN];
  Tehrik-i Islami [Allama Sajid NAQVI]
  note: political alliances in Pakistan can shift frequently

Palau
  none

Panama
  Democratic Change or CD [Ricardo MARTINELLI]; Democratic
  Revolutionary Party or PRD [Hugo GUIRAUD]; Nationalist Republican
  Liberal Movement or MOLIRENA [Gisela CHUNG]; Panamenista Party or PA
  [Juan Carlos VARELA] (formerly the Arnulfista Party); Patriotic
  Union Party or PU (combination of the Liberal National Party or PLN
  and the Solidarity Party or PS)[Jose Raul MULINO and Anibal
  GALINDO]; Popular Party or PP [Rene ORILLAC] (formerly Christian
  Democratic Party or PDC)

Papua New Guinea
  National Alliance Party or NA [Michael SOMARE];
  Papua and Niugini Union Party or PANGU PATI [Andrew KUMBAKOR]; Papua
  New Guinea Party or PNGP [Sir Mekere MORAUTA]; People's Democratic
  Movement or PDM [Michael OGIO]; People's Action Party or PAP
  [Gabriel KAPRIS]; United Resources Party or URP [William DUMA] (2007)

Paraguay
  Alianza Patriotica por el Cambio (Patriotic Alliance for
  Change) or APC [Fernando LUGO]; Asociacion Nacional Republicana -
  Colorado Party or ANR [Jose Alberto ALDERETE]; Movimiento Union
  Nacional de Ciudadanos Eticos or UNACE [Enrique GONZALEZ Quintana];
  Patria Querida (Beloved Fatherland Party) or PPQ [Pedro Nicolas
  Maraa FADUL Niella]; Partido del Movimiento al Socialismo or P-MAS;
  Partido Encuentro Nacional or PEN [Emilio CAMACHO Paredes]; Partido
  Liberal Radical Autentico or PLRA [Blas LLANO]; Partido Pais
  Solidario or PPS [Carlos Alberto FILIZZOLA Pallares]

Peru
  Alliance For Progress (Alianza Para El Progreso) [Cesar ACUNA
  Peralta]; Alliance For The Future (Alianza Por El Futuro) or AF (a
  coalition of pro-FUJIMORI parties including Cambio 90, Nueva
  Mayoria, and Si Cumple); Central Front (Frente Del Centro) or FC (a
  coalition of Accion Popular, Somos Peru, and Coordinadora Nacional
  de Independientes) [Victor Andres GARCIA Belaunde]; National
  Renovation Party (Partido Renovacion Nacional) [Rafael REY];
  National Restoration Party (Restauracion Nacional) or RN [Humberto
  LAY Sun]; National Unity (Unidad Nacional) or UN (a coalition of
  Partido Popular Cristiano and Partido Solidaridad Nacional) [Lourdes
  FLORES Nano]; Peru Possible (Peru Posible) or PP [Alejandro TOLEDO
  Manrique]; Peruvian Aprista Party (Partido Aprista Peruano) or PAP
  [Alan GARCIA] (also referred to by its original name Alianza Popular
  Revolucionaria Americana or APRA); Peruvian Nationalist Party
  (Partido Nacionalista Peruano) or PNP [Ollanta HUMALA Tasso]; Union
  for Peru (Union por el Peru) or UPP [Aldo ESTRADA Choque]

Philippines
  Genuine Opposition or GO (coalition of oppositon parties
  formed to contest the 2007 elections); Kabalikat Ng Malayang
  Pilipino or Kampi [Ronaldo PUNO]; Laban Ng Demokratikong Pilipino
  (Struggle of Filipino Democrats) or LDP [Edgardo ANGARA]; Lakas Ng
  Edsa (National Union of Christian Democrats) or Lakas [Jose DE
  VENECIA]; Liberal Party or LP [Manuel ROXAS]; Nacionalista [Manuel
  VILLAR]; National People's Coalition or NPC [Frisco SAN JUAN];
  PDP-Laban [Aquilino PIMENTEL]; People's Reform Party [Miriam
  Defensor SANTIAGO]; PROMDI [Emilio OSMENA]; Pwersa Ng Masang
  Pilipino (Party of the Philippine Masses) or PMP [Joseph ESTRADA];
  Reporma [Renato DE VILLA]

Pitcairn Islands
  none

Poland
  Civic Platform or PO [Donald TUSK]; Democratic Left Alliance
  or SLD [Grzegorz NAPIERALSKI]; Democratic Party or PD [Janusz
  ONYSZKIEWICZ]; German Minority of Lower Silesia or MNSO [Henryk
  KROLL]; Law and Justice or PiS [Jaroslaw KACZYNSKI]; League of
  Polish Families or LPR [Sylwester CHRUSZCZ]; Left and Democrats or
  LiD [Wojciech OLEJNICZAK] (a coalition formed by the SLD, PD, SDPL,
  and UP); Polish People's Party or PSL [Waldemar PAWLAK]; Samoobrona
  or SO [Andrzej LEPPER]; Social Democratic Party of Poland or SDPL
  [Bartosz DOMINIK, acting]; Union of Labor or UP [Andrzej SPYCHALSKI]

Portugal
  Democratic and Social Center/Popular Party or CDS/PP [Paulo
  PORTAS]; Green Ecologist Party (The Greens) or PEV [leadership
  commission elected by members]; Portuguese Communist Party or PCP
  [Jeronimo DE SOUSA]; Portuguese Socialist Party or PS [Jose SOCRATES
  Carvalho Pinto de Sousa]; Social Democratic Party or PSD [Manuela
  FERREIRA Leite]; The Left Bloc or BE [Franciso Anacleto LOUCA];
  Unitarian Democratic Coalition or CDU [Jeronimo DE SOUSA] (includes
  PCP and PEV)

Puerto Rico
  National Democratic Party [Roberto PRATS]; National
  Republican Party of Puerto Rico [Dr. Tiody FERRE]; New Progressive
  Party or PNP [Pedro ROSSELLO] (pro-US statehood); Popular Democratic
  Party or PPD [Anibal ACEVEDO-VILA] (pro-commonwealth); Puerto Rican
  Independence Party or PIP [Ruben BERRIOS Martinez] (pro-independence)

Qatar
  none

Romania
  Conservative Party or PC [Daniela POPA] (formerly Humanist
  Party or PUR); Democratic Liberal Party or PDL [Emil BOC];
  Democratic Union of Hungarians in Romania or UDMR [Bela MARKO];
  National Liberal Party or PNL [Calin Popescu-TARICEANU]; Romania
  Mare Party (Greater Romania Party) or PRM [Corneliu Vadim TUDOR];
  Social Democratic Party or PSD [Mircea Dan GEOANA] (formerly Party
  of Social Democracy in Romania or PDSR)

Russia
  Communist Party of the Russian Federation or CPRF [Gennadiy
  Andreyevich ZYUGANOV]; Just Russia [Sergey MIRONOV]; Liberal
  Democratic Party of Russia or LDPR [Vladimir Volfovich
  ZHIRINOVSKIY]; Patriots of Russia [Gennadiy SEMIGIN]; People's Union
  [Sergey BABURIN]; Right Cause [Leonid Yakovlevich GOZMAN, Boris
  Yuriyevich TITOV, and Georgiy Georgiyevich BOVT] (registration
  pending; formed from merger of Union of Right Forces, Democratic
  Party of Russia, and Civic Force); United Russia [Vladimir
  Vladimirovich PUTIN]; Yabloko Party [Sergey Sergeyevich MITROKHIN]

Rwanda
  Centrist Democratic Party or PDC [Alfred MUKEZAMFURA];
  Democratic Popular Union of Rwanda or UDPR [Adrien RANGIRA];
  Democratic Republican Movement or MDR [Celestin KABANDA] (officially
  banned); Islamic Democratic Party or PDI [Andre BUMAYA]; Liberal
  Party or PL [Protais MITALI]; Party for Democratic Renewal
  (officially banned); Rwandan Patriotic Front or RPF [Paul KAGAME];
  Social Democratic Party or PSD [Vincent BIRUTA]

Saint Barthelemy
  Action-Equilibre-Transparence [Maxime DESOUCHES];
  Ensemble pour Saint-Barthelemy [Benoit CHAUVIN]; Saint-Barth
  d'Abord! or SBA [Bruno MAGRAS]; Tous Unis pour Saint-Barthelemy
  [Karine MIOT-RICHARD]

Saint Helena
  none

Saint Kitts and Nevis
  Concerned Citizens Movement or CCM [Vance
  AMORY]; Nevis Reformation Party or NRP [Joseph PARRY]; People's
  Action Movement or PAM [Lindsay GRANT]; Saint Kitts and Nevis Labor
  Party or SKNLP [Dr. Denzil DOUGLAS]

Saint Lucia
  National Alliance or NA [George ODLUM]; Saint Lucia
  Freedom Party or SFP [Martinus FRANCOIS]; Saint Lucia Labor Party or
  SLP [Kenneth ANTHONY]; Sou Tout Apwe Fete Fini or STAFF [Christopher
  HUNTE]; United Workers Party or UWP [Stephenson KING]

Saint Martin
  Union Pour le Progres or UPP [Louis-Constant FLEMING];
  Rassemblement Responsabilite Reussite or RRR [Alain RICHARDSON];
  Reussir Saint-Martin [Jean-Luc HAMLET]

Saint Pierre and Miquelon
  Archipelago Tomorrow or AD affiliated with
  UDF/RPR list; Cap sur l'Avenir affiliated with PRG; Left Radical
  Party or PRG; Rassemblement pour la Republique or RPR (now UMP);
  Saint Pierre and Miquelon 2000/Avenir Miquelon or SPM 2000/AM;
  Socialist Party or PS; Union pour la Democratie Francaise or UDF

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
  New Democratic Party or NDP [Arnhim
  EUSTACE]; Unity Labor Party or ULP [Ralph GONSALVES] (formed by the
  coalition of Saint Vincent Labor Party or SVLP and the Movement for
  National Unity or MNU)

Samoa
  Human Rights Protection Party or HRPP [Sailele Malielegaoi
  TUILA'EPA]; Samoa Christian Party or TCP [Tuala Tiresa MALIETOA];
  Samoa Democratic United Party or SDUP [LE MAMEA Ropati]; Samoa Party
  or SP [Su'a Rimoni Ah CHONG]; Samoa Progressive Political Party or
  SPPP [Toeolesulusulu SIUEVA]

San Marino
  Communist Refoundation or RC [Ivan FOSHI]; Democrats of
  the Center; Freedom List; Ideas in Movement or IM [Alessandro
  ROSSI]; National Alliance or AN [Glauco SANSOVINI]; New Socialist
  Party [Augusto CASALI]; Party of Socialists and Democrats [Claudio
  FELICI]; San Marino Christian Democratic Party or PDCS [Pier Marino
  MENICUCCI]; San Marino Popular Alliance of Democrats or AP [Roberto
  GIORGETTI]; San Marino Socialist Party or PSS [Alberto CECCHETTI];
  Socialists for Reform or SR [Renzo GIARDI]; Union of Moderates;
  United Left

Sao Tome and Principe
  Force for Change Democratic Movement or MDFM
  [Tome Soares da VERA CRUZ]; Independent Democratic Action or ADI
  [[Patrice TROVOADA]; Movement for the Liberation of Sao Tome and
  Principe-Social Democratic Party or MLSTP-PSD [Rafael BRANCO]; New
  Way Movement or NR; Party for Democratic Convergence or PCD [Delfim
  NEVES]; Ue-Kedadji coalition; other small parties

Saudi Arabia
  none

Senegal
  African Party of Independence [Majhemout DIOP];
  And-Jef/African Party for Democracy and Socialism or AJ/PADS
  [Landing SAVANE]; Alliance of Forces of Progress or AFP [Moustapha
  NIASSE]; Democratic League-Labor Party Movement or LD-MPT [Dr.
  Abdoulaye BATHILY]; Front for Socialism and Democracy/Benno Jubel or
  FSD/BJ [Cheikh Abdoulaye Bamba DIEYE]; Gainde Centrist Bloc or BGC
  [Jean-Paul DIAS]; Independence and Labor Party or PIT [Amath
  DANSOKHO]; Jef-Jel [Talla SYLLA]; National Democratic Rally or RND
  [Madior DIOUF]; People's Labor Party or PTP [Elhadji DIOUF]; Reform
  Party or PR [Abdourahim AGNE]; Senegalese Democratic Party or PDS
  [Abdoulaye WADE]; Socialist Party or PS [Ousmane Tanor DIENG]; SOPI
  Coalition [Abdoulaye WADE] (a coalition led by the PDS); Union for
  Democratic Renewal or URD [Djibo Leyti KA]

Serbia
  Coalition of Albanians of the Presevo Valley or KAPD [Riza
  HALIMI]; Coalition for Sandzak or KZS [Sulejman UGLJANIN];
  Democratic Party of Albanians or PDSh [Ragmi MUSTAFA]; Democratic
  Party of Serbia or DSS [Vojislav KOSTUNICA]; Democratic Party or DS
  [Boris TADIC]; Democratic Union of the Valley or BDL [Skender
  DESTANI]; For a European Serbia [Boris TADIC]; Force of Serbia
  Movement or PSS [Bogoljub KARIC]; G17 Plus [Mladjan DINKIC]; League
  of Vojvodina Hungarians or SVM [Istvan PASTOR]; Liberal Democratic
  Party or LDP [Cedomir JOVANOVIC]; Movement for Democratic Progress
  or LPD [Jonuz MUSLIU]; New Serbia or NS [Velimir ILIC]; Party of
  Democratic Action or PVD [Riza HALIMI]; Roma Party or RP [Srdjan
  SAJN]; Serbian Progressive Party or SNS [Tomislav NIKOLIC]; Serbian
  Radical Party or SRS [Vojislav SESELJ (currently on trial at The
  Hague), but Tomislav NIKOLIC is acting leader]; Socialist Party of
  Serbia or SPS [Ivica DACIC]; Union of Roma of Serbia or URS [Rajko
  DJURIC]

Seychelles
  Democratic Party or DP [James MANCHAM, Paul CHOW];
  Seychelles National Party or SNP [Wavel RAMKALAWAN] (formerly the
  United Opposition or UO); Seychelles People's Progressive Front or
  SPPF [France Albert RENE, James MICHEL] (the governing party)

Sierra Leone
  All People's Congress or APC [Ernest Bai KOROMA]; Peace
  and Liberation Party or PLP [Darlington MORRISON]; People's Movement
  for Democratic Change or PMDC [Charles MARGAI]; Sierra Leone
  People's Party or SLPP [Solomon BEREWA]; numerous others

Singapore
  People's Action Party or PAP [LEE Hsien Loong]; Singapore
  Democratic Alliance or SDA [CHIAM See Tong]; Singapore Democratic
  Party or SDP [CHEE Soon Juan]; Workers' Party or WP [Sylvia LIM Swee
  Lian]
  note: SDA includes Singapore Justice Party or SJP, Singapore
  National Malay Organization or PKMS, Singapore People's Party or SPP

Slovakia
  Parties in the Parliament: Christian Democratic Movement or
  KDH [Pavol HRUSOVSKY]; Direction-Social Democracy or Smer-SD [Robert
  FICO]; Party of the Hungarian Coalition or SMK [Pal CSAKY]; People's
  Party - Movement for a Democratic Slovakia or LS-HZDS [Vladimir
  MECIAR]; Slovak Democratic and Christian Union or SDKU-DS [Mikulas
  DZURINDA]; Slovak National Party or SNS [Jan SLOTA]; Parties outside
  the Parliament: Agrarian Party of the Provinces or ASV [Jozef
  VASKEBA]; Civic Conservative Party or OKS [Peter TATAR]; Free Forum
  [Zuzana MARTINAKOVA]; Hope or NADEJ [Alexandra NOVOTNA]; Left-wing
  Bloc or LB [Jozef KALMAN]; Mission 21 - New Christian Democracy or
  MISIA 21 [Ivan SIMKO]; Movement for Democracy or HZD [Jozef GRAPA];
  New Citizens Alliance or ANO [Pavol RUSKO]; Party of the Democratic
  Left or SDL [Ladislav KOZMON]; Prosperita Slovenska or PS [Frantisek
  A. ZVRSKOVEC]; Slovak Communist Party or KSS [Vladimir DADO]; Slovak
  National Coalition or SLNKO [Vitazoslav MORIC]; Slovak People's
  Party or SLS [Jozef SASIK]; Union of the Workers of Slovakia or ZRS
  [Jan LUPTAK]

Slovenia
  Liberal Democracy of Slovenia or LDS [Katarina KRESAL]; New
  Slovenia or NSi [Andrej BAJUK]; Slovenian Democratic Party or SDS
  [Janez JANSA]; Democratic Party of Pensioners of Slovenia or DeSUS
  [Karl ERJAVEC]; Slovene National Party or SNS [Zmago JELINCIC];
  Slovene People's Party or SLS [Bojan SROT]; Slovene Youth Party or
  SMS [Darko KRANJC]; Social Democrats or SD [Borut PAHOR] (formerly
  ZLSD); ZARES [Gregor Golobic]

Solomon Islands
  Association of Independent Members or AIM [Thomas
  CHAN]; Christian Alliance Solomon Islands or CASI [Edward RONIA];
  LAFARI Party [John GARO]; National Party [Francis HILLY]; People's
  Alliance Party or PAP [Sir