The 2008 CIA World Factbook, United States. Central Intelligence Agency [primary phonics books .TXT] 📗

is expanding
  domestic: privatized in 2001, Telecom Lesotho tasked with providing
  an additional 50,000 fixed-line connections within five years, a
  target not met; mobile-cellular service is expanding with a
  subscribership approaching 25 per 100 persons; rural services are
  scant
  international: country code - 266; satellite earth station - 1
  Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) (2007)

Liberia
  general assessment: the limited services available are found
  almost exclusively in the capital Monrovia; coverage extended to a
  number of other towns and rural areas by four mobile-cellular
  network operators
  domestic: fixed line service stagnant and extremely limited;
  mobile-cellular subscription base growing and teledensity
  approaching 20 per 100 persons
  international: country code - 231; satellite earth station - 1
  Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) (2007)

Libya
  general assessment: telecommunications system is being
  modernized; mobile cellular telephone system became operational in
  1996; combined fixed line and mobile telephone density approached 90
  telephones per 100 persons in 2007
  domestic: microwave radio relay, coaxial cable, cellular,
  tropospheric scatter, and a domestic satellite system with 14 earth
  stations
  international: country code - 218; satellite earth stations - 4
  Intelsat, NA Arabsat, and NA Intersputnik; submarine cables to
  France and Italy; microwave radio relay to Tunisia and Egypt;
  tropospheric scatter to Greece; participant in Medarabtel (2007)

Liechtenstein
  general assessment: automatic telephone system
  domestic: NA
  international: country code - 423; linked to Swiss networks by cable
  and microwave radio relay

Lithuania
  general assessment: adequate; being modernized to provide
  improved international capability and better residential access
  domestic: rapid expansion of mobile-cellular services has resulted
  in a steady decline in the number of main line subscriptions;
  mobile-cellular teledensity has increased to about 135 per 100
  persons while fixed-line teledensity has dropped to 22 per 100
  persons
  international: country code - 370; major international connections
  to Denmark, Sweden, and Norway by submarine cable for further
  transmission by satellite; landline connections to Latvia and Poland
  (2007)

Luxembourg
  general assessment: highly developed, completely
  automated and efficient system, mainly buried cables
  domestic: fixed line teledensity over 50 per 100 persons; nationwide
  cellular telephone system with market for mobile-cellular phones
  virtually saturated
  international: country code - 352 (2007)

Macau
  general assessment: fairly modern communication facilities
  maintained for domestic and international services
  domestic: termination of monopoly over mobile-cellular telephone
  services in 2001 spurred sharp increase in subscriptions with
  mobile-cellular teledensity approaching 190 per 100 persons in 2008;
  fixed-line subscribership appears to have peaked and is now in
  decline
  international: country code - 853; landing point for the SEA-ME-WE-3
  submarine cable network that provides links to Asia, the Middle
  East, and Europe; HF radiotelephone communication facility;
  satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) (2008)

Macedonia
  general assessment: competition from the mobile-cellular
  segment of the telecommunications market has led to a drop in
  fixed-line telephone subscriptions
  domestic: combined fixed line and mobile telephone density
  approaching 100 per 100 persons
  international: country code - 389 (2007)

Madagascar
  general assessment: system is above average for the
  region; Antananarivo's main telephone exchange modernized in the
  late 1990s, but the rest of the analogue-based telephone system is
  poorly developed; have added more than 50,000 new fixed lines since
  2005
  domestic: combined fixed-line and mobile telephone density only
  about 12 per 100 persons
  international: country code - 261; submarine cable to Bahrain;
  satellite earth stations - 2 (1 Intelsat - Indian Ocean, 1
  Intersputnik - Atlantic Ocean region) (2007)

Malawi
  general assessment: rudimentary
  domestic: fixed-line subscribership about 1 per 100 persons;
  privatization of Malawi Telecommunications (MTL), a necessary step
  in bringing improvement to telecommunications services, completed in
  2006; mobile-cellular services are expanding but cellular network
  coverage is limited and is based around the main urban areas; mobile
  cellular subscribership roughly 8 per 100 persons
  international: country code - 265; satellite earth stations - 2
  Intelsat (1 Indian Ocean, 1 Atlantic Ocean)

Malaysia
  general assessment: modern system; international service
  excellent
  domestic: good intercity service provided on Peninsular Malaysia
  mainly by microwave radio relay; adequate intercity microwave radio
  relay network between Sabah and Sarawak via Brunei; domestic
  satellite system with 2 earth stations; combined fixed-line and
  mobile cellular teledensity exceeds 110 per 100 persons
  international: country code - 60; landing point for several major
  international submarine cable networks that provide connectivity to
  Asia, Middle East, and Europe; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat
  (1 Indian Ocean, 1 Pacific Ocean) (2007)

Maldives
  general assessment: telephone services have improved; each
  island now has at least 1 public telephone, and there are mobile
  cellular networks with a rapidly expanding subscribership
  approaching 90 per 100 persons
  domestic: interatoll communication through microwave links; all
  inhabited islands and resorts are connected with telephone and fax
  service
  international: country code - 960; linked to international submarine
  cable Fiber-Optic Link Around the Globe (FLAG); satellite earth
  station - 3 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) (2007)

Mali
  general assessment: domestic system unreliable but improving;
  provides only minimal service
  domestic: fixed-line availability is gradually increasing, but
  subscribership remains less than 1 per 100 persons; increasing use
  of local radio loops to extend network coverage to remote areas;
  mobile-cellular subscribership has increased sharply to 20 per 100
  persons
  international: country code - 223; satellite earth stations - 2
  Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean, 1 Indian Ocean) (2007)

Malta
  general assessment: automatic system satisfies normal
  requirements; fixed-line teledensity 50 per 100 persons;
  mobile-cellular teledensity about 90 per 100 persons
  domestic: submarine cable and microwave radio relay between islands
  international: country code - 356; submarine cable connects to
  Italy; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) (2007)

Marshall Islands
  general assessment: digital switching equipment;
  modern services include telex, cellular, Internet, international
  calling, caller ID, and leased data circuits
  domestic: Majuro Atoll and Ebeye and Kwajalein islands have regular,
  seven-digit, direct-dial telephones; other islands interconnected by
  high frequency radiotelephone (used mostly for government purposes)
  and mini-satellite telephones
  international: country code - 692; satellite earth stations - 2
  Intelsat (Pacific Ocean); US Government satellite communications
  system on Kwajalein (2005)

Mauritania
  general assessment: limited system of cable and open-wire
  lines, minor microwave radio relay links, and radiotelephone
  communications stations; mobile-cellular services expanding rapidly
  domestic: Mauritel, the national telecommunications company, was
  privatized in 2001 but remains the monopoly provider of fixed-line
  services; fixed-line teledensity 1 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular
  network coverage extends mainly to urban areas with a teledensity
  approaching 40 per 100 persons; mostly cable and open-wire lines; a
  domestic satellite telecommunications system links Nouakchott with
  regional capitals
  international: country code - 222; satellite earth stations - 3 (1
  Intelsat - Atlantic Ocean, 2 Arabsat)

Mauritius
  general assessment: small system with good service
  domestic: monopoly over fixed-line services terminated in 2005;
  fixed-line teledensity roughly 30 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular
  services launched in 1989 with teledensity in 2007 reaching 75 per
  100 persons
  international: country code - 230; landing point for the SAFE
  submarine cable that provides links to Asia and South Africa where
  it connects to the SAT-3/WASC submarine cable that provides further
  links to parts of East Africa, and Europe; satellite earth station -
  1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean); new microwave link to Reunion; HF
  radiotelephone links to several countries

Mayotte
  general assessment: small system administered by French
  Department of Posts and Telecommunications
  domestic: NA
  international: country code - 262; microwave radio relay and HF
  radiotelephone communications to Comoros

Mexico
  general assessment: adequate telephone service for business
  and government, but the population is poorly served; mobile
  subscribers far outnumber fixed-line subscribers; domestic satellite
  system with 120 earth stations; extensive microwave radio relay
  network; considerable use of fiber-optic cable and coaxial cable
  domestic: low telephone density with about 18 fixed lines per 100
  persons; privatized in December 1990; despite the opening to
  competition in January 1997, Telmex remains dominant; legal
  challenges to Telmex's alleged anti-competitive behavior in the
  mobile and fixed-line markets culminated in a World Trade
  Organization ruling in 2004 against Mexico prompting some
  strengthening of the powers granted Mexico's telecom regulator;
  mobile cellular teledensity approaching 65 per 100 persons
  international: country code - 52; Columbus-2 fiber-optic submarine
  cable with access to the US, Virgin Islands, Canary Islands, Spain,
  and Italy; the Americas Region Caribbean Ring System (ARCOS-1) and
  the MAYA-1 submarine cable system together provide access to Central
  America, parts of South America and the Caribbean, and the US;
  satellite earth stations - 120 (32 Intelsat, 2 Solidaridad (giving
  Mexico improved access to South America, Central America, and much
  of the US as well as enhancing domestic communications), 1 Panamsat,
  numerous Inmarsat mobile earth stations); linked to Central American
  Microwave System of trunk connections (2007)

Micronesia, Federated States of general assessment: adequate system domestic: islands interconnected by shortwave radiotelephone (used mostly for government purposes), satellite (Intelsat) ground stations, and some coaxial and fiber-optic cable; cellular service available on Kosrae, Pohnpei, and Yap international: country code - 691; satellite earth stations - 5 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean) (2002)

Moldova
  general assessment: inadequate, outmoded, poor service
  outside Chisinau; some modernization is under way
  domestic: depending on location, new subscribers may face long wait
  for service; multiple private operators of GSM mobile-cellular
  telephone service are operating; GPRS system is being introduced; a
  CDMA mobile telephone network began operations in 2007; combined
  fixed-line and mobile-cellular teledensity approaching 70 per 100
  persons
  international: country code - 373; service through Romania and
  Russia via landline; satellite earth stations - at least 3
  (Intelsat, Eutelsat, and Intersputnik) (2007)

Monaco
  general assessment: modern automatic telephone system
  domestic: NA
  international: country code - 377; no satellite earth stations;
  connected by cable into the French communications system

Mongolia
  general assessment: network is improving with international
  direct dialing available in many areas
  domestic: very low fixed-line density; there are multiple mobile
  cellular service providers and subscribership is increasing rapidly;
  a fiber-optic network is also being installed that will improve
  broadband and communication services between major urban centers
  international: country code - 976; satellite earth stations - 7

Montenegro
  general assessment: modern telecommunications system with
  access to European satellites
  domestic: GSM wireless service, available through 2 providers with
  national coverage, is growing rapidly
  international: country code - 382; 2 international switches connect
  the national system

Montserrat
  general assessment: modern and fully digitalized
  domestic: NA
  international: country code - 1-664; landing point for the East
  Caribbean Fiber System (ECFS) optic submarine cable with links to 13
  other islands in the eastern Caribbean extending from the British
  Virgin Islands to Trinidad

Morocco
  general assessment: modern system with all important
  capabilities; however, density is low with only 7 fixed lines
  available for each 100 persons; mobile-cellular subscribership is
  approaching 60 per 100 persons
  domestic: good system composed of open-wire lines, cables, and
  microwave radio relay links; Internet available but expensive;
  principal switching centers are Casablanca and Rabat; national
  network nearly 100% digital using fiber-optic links; improved rural
  service employs microwave radio relay
  international: country code - 212; landing point for the SEA-ME-WE-3
  optical telecommunications submarine cable that provides
  connectivity to Asia, the Middle East, and Europe; satellite earth
  stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) and 1 Arabsat; microwave
  radio relay to Gibraltar, Spain, and Western Sahara; coaxial cable
  and microwave radio relay to Algeria; participant in Medarabtel;
  fiber-optic cable link from Agadir to Algeria and Tunisia (2007)

Mozambique
  general assessment: fair system with an extremely low
  density of less than 1 fixed line per 100 persons
  domestic: the telecommunications sector is shackled with a heavy
  state presence, lack of competition, and high operating costs and
  charges; stagnation in the fixed-line network contrasts with rapid
  growth in the mobile-cellular network; mobile-cellular coverage now
  includes all the main cities and key roads, including those from
  Maputo to the South African and Swaziland borders, the national
  highway through Gaza and Inhambane provinces, the Beira corridor,
  and from Nampula to Nacala
  international: country code - 258; satellite earth stations - 5
  Intelsat (2 Atlantic Ocean and 3 Indian Ocean)

Namibia
  general assessment: good system with a combined fixed-line
  and mobile-cellular teledensity of about 45 per 100 persons
  domestic: core fiber-optic network links most centers and
  connections are now digital; Namibia's first mobile-cellular
  network, launched in 1994, provides coverage to 86 percent of
  Namibia by area
  international: country code - 264; fiber-optic cable to South
  Africa, microwave radio relay link to Botswana, direct links to
  other neighboring countries; connected to the South African Far East
  (SAFE) submarine cable through South Africa; satellite earth
  stations - 4 Intelsat (2007)

Nauru
  general assessment: adequate local and international
  radiotelephone communication provided via Australian facilities
  domestic: NA
  international: country code - 674; satellite earth station - 1
  Intelsat (Pacific Ocean)

Nepal
  general assessment: poor telephone and telegraph service; fair
  radiotelephone communication service and mobile-cellular telephone
  network
  domestic: NA
  international: country code - 977; radiotelephone communications;
  microwave landline to India; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat
  (Indian Ocean)

Netherlands
  general assessment: highly developed and well maintained
  domestic: extensive fixed-line fiber-optic network; large cellular
  telephone system with 5 major operators utilizing the third
  generation of the Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM)
  technology
  international: country code - 31; submarine cables provide links to
  the US and Europe; satellite earth stations - 5 (3 Intelsat - 1
  Indian Ocean and 2 Atlantic Ocean, 1 Eutelsat, and 1 Inmarsat (2007)

Netherlands Antilles
  general assessment: generally adequate
  facilities
  domestic: extensive interisland microwave radio relay links
  international: country code - 599; the Americas Region Caribbean
  Ring System (ARCOS-1) and the Americas-2 submarine cable systems
  provide connectivity to Central America, parts of South America and
  the Caribbean, and the US; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat
  (Atlantic Ocean)

New Caledonia
  general assessment: NA
  domestic: a submarine cable network connection between New Caledonia
  and Australia, completed in 2007, is expected to significantly
  increase network capacity and improve high-speed connectivity and
  access to international networks
  international: country code - 687; satellite earth station - 1
  Intelsat (Pacific Ocean) (2007)

New Zealand
  general assessment: excellent domestic and international
  systems
  domestic: NA
  international: country code