Memoirs of Extraordinary Popular Delusions and the Madness of Crowds, Charles Mackay [best inspirational books TXT] 📗

prevented by Charles I., 287; Orders of the Commonwealth and Charles II. against the practice; Duke of Buckingham’s duel with Earl Shrewsbury; disgraceful conduct of Charles II., 288; practice of seconds in duels fighting as well as principals, 280, 288; arguments of Addison, Steele, and Swift, 288; duels in England; Sir C. Deering and Mr. Thornhill; Duke of Marlborough and Earl Pawlet; Duke of Hamilton and Lord Mohun; trial of General Macartney, 289-292; Wilson killed by John Law, i. 3; Mr. Chaworth killed by Lord Byron, ii. 292; Vicomte Du Barri by Count Rice, the Duke of York and Colonel Lennox, 293; Irish duels, 294; Major Campbell executed for the death of Captain Boyd, 296; Macnamara and Montgomery; duels of German students, 297; Best and Lord Camelford, 297; Frederick the Great and Joseph II. of Austria opposed to duelling, 298; other European edicts; laws of America, 299; general reflections, 300. Du Guesclin and Troussel, their duel (engraving,) ii. 261, 271. Du Fresnoy’s history of the Hermetic Philosophy, i. 95, 96. Duncan, Gellie, and her accomplices tried for witchcraft; their absurd confessions, ii. 129-135. Duval, Claude, popular admiration of; Butler’s ode to his memory, ii. 255. Earthquakes prophesied in London, i. 224, 230. Edessa taken by the Crusaders, ii. 30; retaken by the Saracens, 50. Edward I., his great seal (engraving), ii. 97. Edward II. joins the last Crusade, ii. 95; arrives at Acre, 97; treacherously wounded, 98; his patronage of Raymond Lulli the alchymist, i. 108; its supposed motive, 135. Edward IV., his encouragement of alchymy, i. 135. Edward VI., his patronage of Dr. Dee, i. 152. Egypt, the Crusaders in, ii. 83, 84, 90, 92, 93. Elias claimed as a Rosicrucian, i. 175. Elixir Vitæ. (See Alchymists.) Eleanor, Queen of Edward II., her tomb at Westminster (engraving), ii. 99. Elizabeth, Queen, her patronage of Dr. Dee, i. 153, 162. Elwes, Sir Jervis, his participation in the poisoning of Sir Thomas Overbury, his execution, ii. 194, 197, 199. End of the world prophesied in the year 999, i. 222; by Whiston in 1736, 223. Epigrams on John Law and the Mississippi Scheme, i. 24, 37. Essex, Countess of, afterwards Countess of Somerset. (See Somerset.) Executions for witchcraft. (See Witchcraft.) Ezekiel claimed as a Rosicrucian, i. 175. Falling stars regarded as omens, i. 223; falling stars and other meteors before the Crusades, ii. 11. Faria, the Abbé, the magnetiser, i. 294. Fashion of short and long hair, beards, and moustaches, i. 296-303. Female Crusaders. (See Women.) Feudalism at the commencement of the Crusades, ii. 5. Fian, Dr., tortured for witchcraft, ii. 131. Finance in France; the Mississippi scheme, i. 2, 6. Fire-ordeal. (See Duels and Ordeals.) Flamel, Nicholas, the alchymist, memoir of i. 113. Florimond on the prevalence of witchcraft, ii. 115. Flowers, fruits, and trees, their significance in dreams, i. 254. Fludd, Robert, the father of the English Rosicrucians, memoir of, i. 173; introduces “weapon-salve” in England, 265. Follies of great cities; cant, or slang phrases, ii. 239-248. Fontainebleau, council held by Henry IV. and edict against duelling (engraving), ii. 278. Food, its necessity denied by the Rosicrucians, i. 176. Forman, Dr., his participation in the poisoning of Sir Thomas Overbury, ii. 194. Fortune-Telling, i. 242-258; presumption of man; his anxiety to penetrate futurity, 242. Judicial astrologers: Lilly, 243. Astrology in France, Louis XI., Catherine de Medicis, Nostradamus (portrait), 246; the Medici family, 247; Antiochus Tibertus, 247; horoscope of Louis XIV. 249; Kepler’s excuse for astrology, 249. Necromancy, Geomancy, Augury, Divination, 250; various kinds of divination; cards, the palm, the rod, &c., 251; interpretation of dreams, 253. Foulque, Bishop of Neuilly, promoter of the fifth Crusade, ii. 76. France, its finances in the eighteenth century; the Mississippi scheme, i. 5, 6; the Crusade preached there, ii. 8; the cathedral of Clermont (engraving), ii. 9; executions for witchcraft, ii. 119, 122, 174; existing belief in witchcraft there, ii. 189; the slow poisoners in, ii. 208; immense rage for duelling in France, 276, 277, 279, 280; alchymy in France. (See the Alchymists, Paris, Tours, &c.) Franklin, an apothecary, his participation in the murder of Sir Thomas Overbury, ii. 195, 198, 199. Frederick the Great, his opposition to duelling, ii. 298. Frederick II., Emperor of Germany, undertakes the Crusade, ii. 84; crowns himself king at Jerusalem, 86; returns to Germany, 87. Frederick III. of Denmark, his patronage of alchymy, i. 183. Gambling speculations. (See Mississippi Scheme and South-Sea Bubble.) Garinet, Jules, his Histoire de la Magie en France, ii. 105, 109, 122, 189, 221. Gateway of Merchant-Tailors’ Hall, with South-Sea speculators (engraving), i. 62. Gay, the poet, his shares in the South-Sea Company, i. 65. Geber, the alchymist, memoir of, i. 96; his scientific discoveries; English translation of his work, 97. Geomancy described, i. 250. Geoffrey, M., his exposure of the tricks of alchymists, i. 188. George I., his speeches and proclamation on the South-Sea Bubble, i. 47-55, 69; his grief on the death of the Earl of Stanhope, i. 75. George III. refuses to pardon Major Campbell for the death of Capt. Boyd in a duel, ii. 294. Germany, executions for witchcraft, ii. 118; duelling in, 282, 298; alchymy in, encouraged by the emperors, i. 119, 135, 158; the Rosicrucians in, 178; animal magnetism in, 290. Gesner, Conrad, the first tulip cultivator, portrait of, i. 85. Ghosts. (See Haunted Houses.) Gibbon, Edward, grandfather of the historian, his participation in the South-Sea fraud, i. 73, 77; heavily fined, 81; his grandson’s account of the proceedings, 81. Gisors, meeting there of Henry II. and Philip Augustus (engraving), ii. 65. Glanvill, Rev. J., his work on witchcraft, ii. 148, 224. Glauber, an alchymist, i. 187. Glen, Lincolnshire, belief in witches there, ii. 185. Gnomes. (See the Rosicrucians.) Godfrey of Bouillon, his achievements in Palestine (engraving), ii. 21-24, 26, 27, 29, 31, 33, 35, 38, 39, 42, 46, 48. Gold, sought by the Alchymists. (See Alchymists.) Gottschalk, a leader of the Crusaders, ii. 15, 20. Gowdie, Isabel, her confession of witchcraft, ii. 136. Grafton’s Chronicle, account of Peter of Pontefract, i. 235. Greatraks, Valentine, his wonderful cures, i. 269-272. Great Seal of Edward I. (engraving), ii. 97. Gregorian chant, its merit tested by the ordeal of fire, ii. 266. Guise, the Duke of, his attempt to poison Gennaro Annese, ii. 202. Guizot, M., his remarks on the Crusades, ii. 51. Gustavus Adolphus an alchymist, i. 187. Guy of Lusignan, King of Jerusalem, besieges Acre, ii. 69. Hair, its length influenced by religious and political prejudices; legislative enactments, i. 296; short hair of the Normans (engraving), i. 297, 303; St. Wulstan’s antipathy to long hair, 297; Serlo cuts off the hair of Henry I. (engraving), 296, 298; Louis VII. and his queen, 299; William “Longbeard,” 300; Roundheads and Cavaliers, 301; Peter the Great taxes beards, 301. Hale, Sir Matthew, portrait of, ii. 148; his belief in witchcraft, 157. Hamilton, Duke of, his duel with Lord Mohun, ii. 290. Harcouet, his receipt for the Elixir Vitæ, i. 103. Harley, Earl of Oxford, the originator of the South-Sea Company, portrait of, i. 46. Haroun al Reschid, the Caliph, his encouragement of Christian pilgrims, ii. 3. Hastings, recent belief in witchcraft there, ii. 187. Hatton, Lady, her reputation for witchcraft; her house in Hatton Garden, (engraving), ii. 186. “Haunted Houses,” popular belief in, ii. 217-238; a house at Aix la Chapelle, cause of the noises discovered, ii. 218; alarm caused by a rat, 219; the monks of St. Bruno, their trick to obtain the haunted palace of Vauvert, 220; houses at Tours and Bordeaux, 221; the story of Woodstock Palace, 222; Mr. Mompesson’s house at Tedworth, 224; the “Cock Lane Ghost,” history of the deception; believed in by the learned (engravings), 228; the Stockwell ghost, 234; Baldarroch farm-house, 235; effect of education and civilisation, 238. Hawkins, Mr., engravings from his Collection of Caricatures, i. 29, 44. Haygarth, Dr., his exposure of Perkins’s “Metallic Tractors,” i. 289. Hell, Father, his magnetic cures; his connexion with Mesmer, i. 283. Henry I., his hair cut short by Serlo, his chaplain (engraving), i. 262, 264. Henry II. joins the third crusade (engraving), ii. 64. Henry VI. issues patents to encourage alchymy, i. 118, 135. Henry VIII., his invitation to Cornelius Agrippa, i. 140. Henry, Prince, son of James I. suspected to have been poisoned, ii. 200. Henry II. of France, his patronage of Nostradamus, i. 246; said to have prohibited duelling, ii. 273, 275; his death in the lists, 276. Henry IV. of France, portrait of, ii. 277; his opposition to duelling, 277, 279. Hermes Trismegistus, the founder of alchymy, i. 95. Hermetic Philosophy. (See the Alchymists.) Heydon, John, an English Rosicrucian, i. 175. Heywood, his life and prophecies of Merlin, i. 233. Highwaymen. (See Thieves.) Hogarth’s caricature of the