U.S.A. Copyright Law, Library of Congress. Copyright Office [reading diary TXT] 📗
- Author: Library of Congress. Copyright Office
- Performer: -
Book online «U.S.A. Copyright Law, Library of Congress. Copyright Office [reading diary TXT] 📗». Author Library of Congress. Copyright Office
television station, unless prior to April 15, 1976, such cable system
was actually carrying, or was specifically authorized to carry, the
signal of such foreign station on the system pursuant to the rules,
regulations, or authorizations of the Federal Communications Commission.
(d) Statutory License for Secondary Transmissions by Cable Systems. [43]
(1) A cable system whose secondary transmissions have been subject to
statutory licensing under subsection (c) shall, on a semiannual basis,
deposit with the Register of Copyrights, in accordance with requirements
that the Register shall prescribe by regulation-
(A) a statement of account, covering the six months next preceding,
specifying the number of channels on which the cable system made
secondary transmissions to its subscribers, the names and locations of
all primary transmitters whose transmissions were further transmitted by
the cable system, the total number of subscribers, the gross amounts
paid to the cable system for the basic service of providing secondary
transmissions of primary broadcast transmitters, and such other data as
the Register of Copyrights may from time to time prescribe by
regulation. In determining the total number of subscribers and the gross
amounts paid to the cable system for the basic service of providing
secondary transmissions of primary broadcast transmitters, the cable
system shall not include subscribers and amounts collected from
subscribers receiving secondary transmissions for private home viewing
pursuant to section 119. Such statement shall also include a special
statement of account covering any nonnetwork television programming that
was carried by the cable system in whole or in part beyond the local
service area of the primary transmitter, under rules, regulations, or
authorizations of the Federal Communications Commission permitting the
substitution or addition of signals under certain circumstances,
together with logs showing the times, dates, stations, and programs
involved in such substituted or added carriage; and
(B) except in the case of a cable system whose royalty is specified in
subclause (C) or (D), a total royalty fee for the period covered by the
statement, computed on the basis of specified percentages of the gross
receipts from subscribers to the cable service during said period for
the basic service of providing secondary transmissions of primary
broadcast transmitters, as follows:
(i) 0.675 of 1 per centum of such gross receipts for the privilege of
further transmitting any nonnetwork programming of a primary transmitter
in whole or in part beyond the local service area of such primary
transmitter, such amount to be applied against the fee, if any, payable
pursuant to paragraphs (ii) through (iv);
(ii) 0.675 of 1 per centum of such gross receipts for the first distant
signal equivalent;
(iii) 0.425 of 1 per centum of such gross receipts for each of the
second, third, and fourth distant signal equivalents;
(iv) 0.2 of 1 per centum of such gross receipts for the fifth distant
signal equivalent and each additional distant signal equivalent
thereafter; and
in computing the amounts payable under paragraph (ii) through (iv),
above, any fraction of a distant signal equivalent shall be computed at
its fractional value and, in the case of any cable system located partly
within and partly without the local service area of a primary
transmitter, gross receipts shall be limited to those gross receipts
derived from subscribers located without the local service area of such
primary transmitter; and
(C) if the actual gross receipts paid by subscribers to a cable system
for the period covered by the statement for the basic service of
providing secondary transmissions of primary broadcast transmitters
total $80,000 or less, gross receipts of the cable system for the
purpose of this subclause shall be computed by subtracting from such
actual gross receipts the amount by which $80,000 exceeds such actual
gross receipts, except that in no case shall a cable system's gross
receipts be reduced to less than $3,000. The royalty fee payable under
this subclause shall be 0.5 of 1 per centum, regardless of the number of
distant signal equivalents, if any; and
(D) if the actual gross receipts paid by subscribers to a cable system
for the period covered by the statement, for the basic service of
providing secondary transmissions of primary broadcast transmitters, are
more than $80,000 but less than $160,000, the royalty fee payable under
this subclause shall be
(i) 0.5 of 1 per centum of any gross receipts up to $80,000; and
(ii) 1 per centum of any gross receipts in excess of $80,000 but less
than $160,000, regardless of the number of distant signal equivalents,
if any.
(2) The Register of Copyrights shall receive all fees deposited under
this section and, after deducting the reasonable costs incurred by the
Copyright Office under this section, shall deposit the balance in the
Treasury of the United States, in such manner as the Secretary of the
Treasury directs. All funds held by the Secretary of the Treasury shall
be invested in interest-bearing United States securities for later
distribution with interest by the Librarian of Congress in the event no
controversy over distribution exists, or by a copyright arbitration
royalty panel in the event a controversy over such distribution exists.
(3) The royalty fees thus deposited shall, in accordance with the
procedures provided by clause (4), be distributed to those among the
following copyright owners who claim that their works were the subject
of secondary transmissions by cable systems during the relevant
semiannual period:
(A) any such owner whose work was included in a secondary transmission
made by a cable system of a nonnetwork television program in whole or in
part beyond the local service area of the primary transmitter; and
(B) any such owner whose work was included in a secondary transmission
identified in a special statement of account deposited under clause (1)
(A); and
(C) any such owner whose work was included in nonnetwork programming
consisting exclusively of aural signals carried by a cable system in
whole or in part beyond the local service area of the primary
transmitter of such programs.
(4) The royalty fees thus deposited shall be distributed in accordance
with the following procedures:
(A) During the month of July in each year, every person claiming to be
entitled to statutory license fees for secondary transmissions shall
file a claim with the Librarian of Congress, in accordance with
requirements that the Librarian of Congress shall prescribe by
regulation. Notwithstanding any provisions of the antitrust laws, for
purposes of this clause any claimants may agree among themselves as to
the proportionate division of statutory licensing fees among them, may
lump their claims together and file them jointly or as a single claim,
or may designate a common agent to receive payment on their behalf.
(B) After the first day of August of each year, the Librarian of
Congress shall, upon the recommendation of the Register of Copyrights,
determine whether there exists a controversy concerning the distribution
of royalty fees. If the Librarian determines that no such controversy
exists, the Librarian shall, after deducting reasonable administrative
costs under this section, distribute such fees to the copyright owners
entitled to such fees, or to their designated agents. If the Librarian
finds the existence of a controversy, the Librarian shall, pursuant to
chapter 8 of this title, convene a copyright arbitration royalty panel
to determine the distribution of royalty fees.
(C) During the pendency of any proceeding under this subsection, the
Librarian of Congress shall withhold from distribution an amount
sufficient to satisfy all claims with respect to which a controversy
exists, but shall have discretion to proceed to distribute any amounts
that are not in controversy.
(e) Nonsimultaneous Secondary Transmissions by Cable Systems.-
(1) Notwithstanding those provisions of the second paragraph of
subsection (f) relating to nonsimultaneous secondary transmissions by a
cable system, any such transmissions are actionable as an act of
infringement under section 501, and are fully subject to the remedies
provided by sections 502 through 506 and sections 509 and 510, unless
(A) the program on the videotape is transmitted no more than one time to
the cable system's subscribers; and
(B) the copyrighted program, episode, or motion picture videotape,
including the commercials contained within such program, episode, or
picture, is transmitted without deletion or editing; and
(C) an owner or officer of the cable system
(i) prevents the duplication of the videotape while in the possession of
the system,
(ii) prevents unauthorized duplication while in the possession of the
facility making the videotape for the system if the system owns or
controls the facility, or takes reasonable precautions to prevent such
duplication if it does not own or control the facility,
(iii) takes adequate precautions to prevent duplication while the tape
is being transported, and
(iv) subject to clause (2), erases or destroys, or causes the erasure or
destruction of, the videotape; and
(D) within forty-five days after the end of each calendar quarter, an
owner or officer of the cable system executes an affidavit attesting
(i) to the steps and precautions taken to prevent duplication of the
videotape, and
(ii) subject to clause (2), to the erasure or destruction of all
videotapes made or used during such quarter; and
(E) such owner or officer places or causes each such affidavit, and
affidavits received pursuant to clause (2) (C), to be placed in a file,
open to public inspection, at such system's main office in the community
where the transmission is made or in the nearest community where such
system maintains an office; and
(F) the nonsimultaneous transmission is one that the cable system would
be authorized to transmit under the rules, regulations, and
authorizations of the Federal Communications Commission in effect at the
time of the nonsimultaneous transmission if the transmission had been
made simultaneously, except that this subclause shall not apply to
inadvertent or accidental transmissions.
(2) If a cable system transfers to any person a videotape of a program
nonsimultaneously transmitted by it, such transfer is actionable as an
act of infringement under section 501, and is fully subject to the
remedies provided by sections 502 through 506 and 509, except that,
pursuant to a written, nonprofit contract providing for the equitable
sharing of the costs of such videotape and its transfer, a videotape
nonsimultaneously transmitted by it, in accordance with clause (1), may
be transferred by one cable system in Alaska to another system in
Alaska, by one cable system in Hawaii permitted to make such
nonsimultaneous transmissions to another such cable system in Hawaii, or
by one cable system in Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands, or the Trust
Territory of the Pacific Islands, to another cable system in any of
those three territories, if-
(A) each such contract is available for public inspection in the offices
of the cable systems involved, and a copy of such contract is filed,
within thirty days after such contract is entered into, with the
Copyright Office (which Office shall make each such contract available
for public inspection); and
(B) the cable system to which the videotape is transferred complies with
clause (1) (A), (B), (C) (i), (iii), and (iv), and (D) through (F); and
(C) such system provides a copy of the affidavit required to be made in
accordance with clause (1) (D) to each cable system making a previous
nonsimultaneous transmission of the same videotape.
(3) This subsection shall not be construed to supersede the exclusivity
protection provisions of any existing agreement, or any such agreement
hereafter entered into, between a cable system and a television
broadcast station in the area in which the cable system is located, or a
network with which such station is affiliated.
(4) As used in this subsection, the term "videotape", and each of its
variant forms, means the reproduction of the images and sounds of a
program or programs broadcast by a television broadcast station licensed
by the Federal Communications Commission, regardless of the nature of
the material objects, such as tapes or films, in which the reproduction
is embodied.
(f) Definitions. As used in this section, the following terms and their
Comments (0)