The History Of The Life Of The Late Mr. Jonathan Wild The Great(Fiscle Part 3), Henry Fielding [most read books in the world of all time .txt] 📗
- Author: Henry Fielding
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Is Yet For The Most Part Excellent.
G. H. Maynadier.
Book 1 Chapter 1 Pg 5
Shewing The Wholesome Uses Drawn From Recording The Achievements
Of Those Wonderful Productions Of Nature Called Great Men.
As It Is Necessary That All Great And Surprising Events, The
Designs Of Which Are Laid, Conducted, And Brought To Perfection By
The Utmost Force Of Human Invention And Art, Should Be Produced By
Great And Eminent Men, So The Lives Of Such May Be Justly And
Properly Styled The Quintessence Of History. In These, When
Delivered To Us By Sensible Writers, We Are Not Only Most
Agreeably Entertained, But Most Usefully Instructed; For, Besides
The Attaining Hence A Consummate Knowledge Of Human Nature In
General; Of Its Secret Springs, Various Windings, And Perplexed
Mazes; We Have Here Before Our Eyes Lively Examples Of Whatever Is
Amiable Or Detestable, Worthy Of Admiration Or Abhorrence, And Are
Consequently Taught, In A Manner Infinitely More Effectual Than By
Precept, What We Are Eagerly To Imitate Or Carefully To Avoid.
But Besides The Two Obvious Advantages Of Surveying, As It Were In
A Picture, The True Beauty Of Virtue And Deformity Of Vice, We May
Moreover Learn From Plutarch, Nepos, Suetonius, And Other
Biographers, This Useful Lesson, Not Too Hastily, Nor In The
Gross, To Bestow Either Our Praise Or Censure; Since We Shall
Often Find Such A Mixture Of Good And Evil In The Same Character
That It May Require A Very Accurate Judgment And A Very Elaborate
Inquiry To Determine On Which Side The Balance Turns, For Though
We Sometimes Meet With An Aristides Or A Brutus, A Lysander Or A
Nero, Yet Far The Greater Number Are Of The Mixt Kind, Neither
Totally Good Nor Bad; Their Greatest Virtues Being Obscured And
Allayed By Their Vices, And Those Again Softened And Coloured Over
By Their Virtues.
Of This Kind Was The Illustrious Person Whose History We Now
Undertake; To Whom, Though Nature Had Given The Greatest And Most
Book 1 Chapter 1 Pg 6Shining Endowments, She Had Not Given Them Absolutely Pure And
Without Allay. Though He Had Much Of The Admirable In His
Character, As Much Perhaps As Is Usually To Be Found In A Hero, I
Will Not Yet Venture To Affirm That He Was Entirely Free From All
Defects, Or That The Sharp Eyes Of Censure Could Not Spy Out Some
Little Blemishes Lurking Amongst His Many Great Perfections.
We Would Not Therefore Be Understood To Affect Giving The Reader A
Perfect Or Consummate Pattern Of Human Excellence, But Rather, By
Faithfully Recording Some Little Imperfections Which Shadowed Over
The Lustre Of Those Great Qualities Which We Shall Here Record, To
Teach The Lesson We Have Above Mentioned, To Induce Our Reader
With Us To Lament The Frailty Of Human Nature, And To Convince Him
That No Mortal, After A Thorough Scrutiny, Can Be A Proper Object
Of Our Adoration.
But Before We Enter On This Great Work We Must Endeavour To Remove
Some Errors Of Opinion Which Mankind Have, By The Disingenuity Of
Writers, Contracted: For These, From Their Fear Of Contradicting
The Obsolete And Absurd Doctrines Of A Set Of Simple Fellows,
Called, In Derision, Sages Or Philosophers, Have Endeavoured, As
Much As Possible, To Confound The Ideas Of Greatness And Goodness;
Whereas No Two Things Can Possibly Be More Distinct From Each
Other, For Greatness Consists In Bringing All Manner Of Mischief
On Mankind, And Goodness In Removing It From Them. It Seems
Therefore Very Unlikely That The Same Person Should Possess Them
Both; And Yet Nothing Is More Usual With Writers, Who Find Many
Instances Of Greatness In Their Favourite Hero, Than To Make Him A
Compliment Of Goodness Into The Bargain; And This, Without
Considering That By Such Means They Destroy The Great Perfection
Called Uniformity Of Character. In The Histories Of Alexander And
Caesar We Are Frequently, And Indeed Impertinently, Reminded Of
Their Benevolence And Generosity, Of Their Clemency And Kindness.
When The Former Had With Fire And Sword Overrun A Vast Empire, Had
Destroyed The Lives Of An Immense Number Of Innocent Wretches, Had
Scattered Ruin And Desolation Like A Whirlwind, We Are Told, As An
Example Of His Clemency, That He Did Not Cut The Throat Of An Old
Woman, And Ravish Her Daughters, But Was Content With Only Undoing
Them. And When The Mighty Caesar, With Wonderful Greatness Of
Mind, Had Destroyed The Liberties Of His Country, And With All The
Means Of Fraud And Force Had Placed Himself At The Head Of His
Equals, Had Corrupted And Enslaved The Greatest People Whom The
Sun Ever Saw, We Are Reminded, As An Evidence Of His Generosity,
Of His Largesses To His Followers And Tools, By Whose Means He Had
Accomplished His Purpose, And By Whose Assistance He Was To
Establish It.
Now, Who Doth Not See That Such Sneaking Qualities As These Are
Rather To Be Bewailed As Imperfections Than Admired As Ornaments
In These Great Men; Rather Obscuring Their Glory, And Holding Them
Back In Their Race To Greatness, Indeed Unworthy The End For Which
They Seem To Have Come Into The World, Viz. Of Perpetrating Vast
And Mighty Mischief?
Book 1 Chapter 1 Pg 7
We Hope Our Reader Will Have Reason Justly To Acquit Us Of Any
Such Confounding Ideas In The Following Pages; In Which, As We Are
To Record The Actions Of A Great Man, So We Have Nowhere Mentioned
Any Spark Of Goodness Which Had Discovered Itself Either Faintly
In Him, Or More Glaringly In Any Other Person, But As A Meanness
And Imperfection, Disqualifying Them For Undertakings Which Lead
To Honour And Esteem Among Men.
As Our Hero Had As Little As Perhaps Is To Be Found Of That
Meanness, Indeed Only Enough To Make Him Partaker Of The
Imperfection Of Humanity, Instead Of The Perfection Of Diabolism,
We Have Ventured To Call Him The Great; Nor Do We Doubt But Our
Reader, When He Hath Perused His Story, Will Concur With Us In
Allowing Him That Title.
Book 1 Chapter 2 Pg 8Giving An Account Of As Many Of Our Hero's Ancestors As Can Be
Gathered Out Of The Rubbish Of Antiquity, Which Hath Been
Carefully Sifted For That Purpose.
It Is The Custom Of All Biographers, At Their Entrance Into Their
Work, To Step A Little Backwards (As Far, Indeed, Generally As
They Are Able) And To Trace Up Their Hero, As The Ancients Did The
River Nile, Till An Incapacity Of Proceeding Higher Puts An End To
Their Search.
What First Gave Rise To This Method Is Somewhat Difficult To
Determine. Sometimes I Have Thought That The Hero's Ancestors Have
Been Introduced As Foils To Himself. Again, I Have Imagined It
Might Be To Obviate A Suspicion That Such Extraordinary Personages
Were Not Produced In The Ordinary Course Of Nature, And May Have
Proceeded From The Author's Fear That, If We Were Not Told Who
Their Fathers Were, They Might Be In Danger, Like Prince
Prettyman, Of Being Supposed To Have Had None. Lastly, And Perhaps
More Truly, I Have Conjectured That The Design Of The Biographer
Hath Been No More Than To Shew His Great Learning And Knowledge Of
Antiquity. A Design To Which The World Hath Probably Owed Many
Notable Discoveries, And Indeed Most Of The Labours Of Our
Antiquarians.
But Whatever Original This Custom Had, It Is Now Too Well
Established To Be Disputed. I Shall Therefore Conform To It In The
Strictest Manner.
Mr. Jonathan Wild, Or Wyld, Then (For He Himself Did Not Always
Agree In One Method Of Spelling His Name), Was Descended From The
Great Wolfstan Wild, Who Came Over With Hengist, And Distinguished
Himself Very Eminently At That Famous Festival, Where The Britons
Were So Treacherously Murdered By The Saxons; For When The Word
Was Given, I.E. Nemet Eour Saxes, Take Out Your Swords, This
Gentleman, Being A Little Hard Of Hearing, Mistook The Sound For
Nemet Her Sacs, Take Out Their Purses; Instead Therefore Of
Applying To The Throat, He Immediately Applied To The Pocket Of
His Guest, And Contented Himself With Taking All That He Had,
Without Attempting His Life.
The Next Ancestor Of Our Hero Who Was Remarkably Eminent Was Wild,
Surnamed Langfanger, Or Longfinger. He Flourished In The Reign Of
Henry Iii., And Was Strictly Attached To Hubert De Burgh, Whose
Friendship He Was Recommended To By His Great Excellence In An Art
Of Which Hubert Was Himself The Inventor; He Could, Without The
Knowledge Of The Proprietor, With Great Ease And Dexterity, Draw
Forth A Man's Purse From Any Part Of His Garment Where It Was
Deposited, And Hence He Derived His Surname. This Gentleman Was
The First Of His Family Who Had The Honour To Suffer For The Good
Of His Country: On Whom A Wit Of That Time Made The Following
Epitaph:--
O Shame O' Justice! Wild Is Hang'd, For Thatten He A Pocket
Fang'd, While Safe Old Hubert, And His Gang, Doth Pocket O' The
Nation Fang.
Langfanger Left A Son Named Edward, Whom He Had Carefully
Instructed In The Art For Which He Himself Was So Famous. This
Edward Had A Grandson, Who Served As A Volunteer Under The Famous
Sir John Falstaff, And By His Gallant Demeanour So Recommended
Himself To His Captain, That He Would Have Certainly Been Promoted
By Him, Had Harry The Fifth Kept His Word With His Old Companion.
After The Death Of Edward The Family Remained In Some Obscurity
Down To The Reign Of Charles The First, When James Wild
Distinguished Himself On Both Sides The Question In The Civil
Wars, Passing From One To T'other, As Heaven Seemed To Declare
Itself In Favour Of Either Party. At The End Of The War, James Not
Being Rewarded According To His Merits, As Is Usually The Case Of
Such Impartial Persons, He Associated Himself With A Brave Man
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